WEBVTT

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We never actually got a moment.

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That would be nice to tell me.

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We'll stay right here.

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You may well have gone.

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Everybody in our film was in one shot.

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Tell me.

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It's a little odd because we get everything.

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Oh, right. Exactly. We're the shadows.

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I bet you got something this week.

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Do you realize you were mentioned by some city council or something like that?

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Every single day?

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Excuse me, guys.

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Tell us who you are, what your position is, and how you see it.

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Do you enjoy politics?

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My name is Dorothy Tillman. I'm Alderman of the Third Ward.

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I've been Alderman for 13 years.

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That's a community on the south side of Chicago, the Grand Boulevard community.

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How do you enjoy politics? Are you something that enjoys Chicago politics?

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I look at it as being elected officials, as really using it as a platform to make things better for my people

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and all people who are downtrodden.

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Coming from the civil rights movement, always going to government for regress, dealing with things that were wrong.

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This is a whole other side.

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It gives me an opportunity to at least make things right for those who are in need, to really use it as an opportunity to better things.

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For people who don't know anything about Chicago, this place has got a reputation for coalition politics.

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Is politics still important in Chicago?

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Well, I think Chicago is probably one of the cities that have the most ethnicity.

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In fact, I'm from Montgomery. I came here in 1965 with Dr. King.

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Before I came to Chicago, I knew nothing about ethnicity.

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You were either black or white.

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When I got here, I found out about all the different ethnic groups, the Irish, the Polish, the blacks, the Lithuanians.

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I knew nothing about Lithuanians and those types.

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It was black or white.

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Chicago, Germany, is still a very ethnic community.

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But the majority of Chicago is black now.

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Between black and brown, you make up a huge majority.

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But you still have your pocket of ethnicity and you still have your Irishmen.

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I think in Chicago, the Irishmen have always, even though they have a very small number, they have always dominated Chicago politics.

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Because maybe they're better organized and have been into it longer. I don't know.

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So for an outsider, how would you describe Chicago politics, starting by saying Chicago politics?

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I'd say Chicago politics, first of all, is if you put the right person in place, it's fun.

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Because Chicago do have what you would call home rule.

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Compared to most cities, a lot of cities have strong mayor, weak council.

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In Chicago, you have strong council, weak mayor, allegedly.

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So most decisions are made at the local level.

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Even when you talk about Chicago from the state, we have home rule.

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We make our tax embodies, we make our own laws.

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And then when you get to the ward level, I represent over 60,000 people.

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That's larger than some towns.

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And when you get to a ward level, you're responsible for zoning.

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You have your ward superintendent for cleanup, your district commander, police commander, your human service.

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It's almost like a little city.

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And you have a lot of say-so in terms of how that community is going to be, where the streets are going to go, where the sidewalks are going to happen.

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And what happened in the black community, more than the other communities,

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What we have is that a lot of our communities have been neglected for so long that when those of us, like myself, get an office, we almost end up being social workers.

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We end up doing things that we don't have to necessarily do as aldermen, but we do it because there are so many needs in our community.

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I mean, somebody might come to my office and say, my child needs some diapers.

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Or somebody might say, I have a problem with my rent.

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I have a caseworker problem.

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I need my caseworker to take care of me. I need this. I need that.

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Social worker problems, child in jail.

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Just things that family, everyday problems, we deal with those things.

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And we don't deal with them, they get mad.

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And one thing about Chicago aldermen, and I'm proud to be a part of this body, is that we are the first line of defense.

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And aldermen is always the first line of defense.

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Whenever there's a problem, call your alderman.

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Everybody knows who the alderman is, and everybody knows the mayor.

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Nobody knows the state rep, the senator, the congressperson.

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Everybody says, call the alderman.

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If it's a government problem for the state level, call your alderman.

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If it's a federal problem, call your alderman.

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Never the congressperson, never the state rep, but your alderman.

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And Chicago aldermen are the first line of defense that I think we do in spite of our diversities,

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and sometimes we fight on major issues.

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We do a great job in terms of being there for our community.

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We work 24 hours, our farm ring 24 hours.

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If a building is on fire, our farm ring, they look for you to be there,

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to see about putting this family up, to see about are the children okay.

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I mean, we're on call 24 hours.

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Our staff is the hardest working staff in government.

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They work as hard as the aldermen.

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So we work very hard for the first line of defense in government.

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Can I ask you a question?

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One of the things that strikes us about Chicago, all the aldermen are really strong,

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and the mayor is really strong.

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Don't you have to be turning in the mayor's good graces in order to get some of the perks?

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Well, I don't know whether you call it graces.

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I think that the mayor, really we have a strong council, weak mayor.

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It's just that the mayor has a lot of people who vote with him.

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I don't think that you'd be in the good graces.

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I don't deal with none of the mayors.

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I think I've been able to get resources from both.

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I came under Harold Washington, Mayor Sawyer, and the sitting mayor now,

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and we've never done anything with them in terms of graces.

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We've always demanded or requested what was for our community.

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Either one of these administrations have our community been liking.

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Under Mayor Washington, whatever our community needed, we got.

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Sawyer and under the present mayor.

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We are there to serve our community.

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We make requests.

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The commissioners and all of them, they're there to serve us.

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They might be appointed by the mayor, but they're there to serve us.

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I've never made a request from any commissioner, any member of the mayor's staff,

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that they have not responded and have nothing to do with good graces.

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I think sometimes we fight.

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We don't always agree. We'll fight.

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But if it's right, we vote for it.

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If it's wrong, we vote against it.

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But we also demand what our community is supposed to give us,

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taxpayers, we're there to represent it.

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Our community should be represented regardless of who's in there,

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and that's the way we deal with it.

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Harold Washington was the historic mayor of Chicago.

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Saying his name, Harold Washington, tell us what his importance was for the city.

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Well, I always like to tell people that.

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I think the beginning of Mayor of Washington was Martin Luther King Jr.

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I think when we came in in 65, we began to break through a lot of barriers

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and make people get a lot of strength where they can move and begin to do it.

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I think Harold Washington was almost like the culmination of Dr. King.

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And to put Harold Washington in the first black mayor of the city of Chicago,

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not just a black mayor, but a mayor for the whole city, a mayor that was fair,

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a mayor who didn't mind being black at the same time,

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understanding that you can be black and still be responsible for everybody.

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Mayor of Washington cared for the community.

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He pioneered a lot of programs in our communities.

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In fact, before Mayor of Washington, we didn't even know they had weed cutters.

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Just simple things, cutting weeds off the vacant lots.

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We got new streets.

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A lot of the city service went directly to the community under the late,

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great Mayor of Washington that the black community was never really used to.

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And now we're used to it and we expect it.

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Harold Washington, another thing is that he believed in linked development.

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Even when he dealt with big companies in terms of companies doing business with the city,

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they had to give to the neighborhood.

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He was a neighborhood person.

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And I must say that a lot of the mayor's programs now that the present mayor is using

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are a lot of the things that Harold Washington came up with.

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So how important, if you go to people on the street and you say Harold Washington,

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what will they tell us and how important was he?

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Well, it depends on the age group.

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He was very great for the black community, black self-esteem.

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He was really great for the city because if people don't understand,

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Harold just freed up the black community.

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Harold freed up the Hispanic community.

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They might not even be here if it had not been for Harold.

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He freed up women.

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Chicago was such a closed government.

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It wasn't just the black community locked out.

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A lot of other people were locked out.

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Harold opened up the doors for a lot of people to come into government.

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And it wasn't just black and brown, it was other people too.

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So Harold just kind of opened those doors and said, come on in, let's work this thing out.

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And it was anybody who showed a rainbow of people in vomit,

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it was the late great Mayor Washington.

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He was a great mayor.

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I remember saying to him, you know, why don't we get ours?

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What are we going to do?

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If anybody is saying anything to Harold Bob, do it.

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He said, no, everybody gets theirs.

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It's equally as fair.

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I'm the mayor of all the citizens of the city of Chicago.

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And he was a great mayor.

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Has that rainbow coalition held?

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Well, we're here in city government.

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I don't know that we vote like that.

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A lot of our progressive people who are here are no longer here.

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One of them, as soon as Gutierrez was alderman,

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that I personally went over with a whole band of people on Harold Washington behalf

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and literally knocked on every single door in the black community

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to make a difference in that election.

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And he kind of, he could have played a leading role in keeping that coalition together,

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but he opted to break that.

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And it's unfortunate, but I don't think we're together on the floor in terms of the coalition,

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but the coalition outside of this body that have worked together with each other is still together.

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And that's unfortunate, but that's real.

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Why do you think that's happened?

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Because we know that some of the Latinos have gone with Mayor Daley.

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Well, I don't think you think of whether they go with Mayor Daley or Joe Blower.

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The question is, do they go for what's right or do they just vote just to vote?

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And it's not the personality as much as it is.

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I mean, you don't vote against somebody just because they're a person.

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You vote against them because they're wrong.

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And I voted against Mayor Washington when he was here.

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So you can't deal with whether or not you're just voting against, for or against the mayor.

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You're voting on the issues.

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And if the issues are correct, they should vote with us.

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One of the things I have found out, coming from the civil rights movement,

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is a lot of the gains in terms of affirmative action,

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in terms of people being able to blacken Brown Bay and have the seat,

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that came from the struggle of the black community.

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And you would think that it's a natural for the Hispanic community to work closely with us

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because we fought.

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We fought on behalf of them, on behalf of blacks and women.

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So women and the down-out and the Hispanics and blacks are a natural coalition.

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But somehow it always happened that if it doesn't fit them, sometime they'll change.

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But there's a body outside of this body that still works together.

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Can I ask one last question about Mayor Washington?

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I mean, there he is, four years as a mayor, the first term.

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There's a lot of battling on city council.

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Finally, win by win, finally control of city council.

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It's the height of his power.

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One moment later, he's gone.

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What does that loss mean for the black community?

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Well, it was a great loss.

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It was a great personal loss and it was a great loss.

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I was at the hospital when Harold died.

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So I will always remember that scene of just watching him work on him and praying.

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And I always tell people that I've never asked God for anything that God didn't give me,

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with the exception I asked God to give me Harold back.

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And I thought he was going to be all right, but he didn't come back.

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And I think it was a trauma to our community.

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And it's a trauma that our community has not overcome yet.

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Even myself now, I'm still angry at the fact that he died,

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that something happened to him, whatever happened.

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And I think the community was traumatized and we still are traumatized.

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And I don't think we've overcome that traumatization as a black community and as a city.

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And I think it's a grieving that we have not had a chance to deal with.

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It's a grieving that we have not had a chance to talk about.

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And I think the black community is going to have to talk about the death of Harold Washington.

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And nobody ever, ever, and that might be something to do,

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really set and dealt with the feeling of what it felt like, how you feel,

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and where do we go from here, that has never been done.

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At least with Dr. King, he was like a father to me, and his assassination got me.

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But we knew that we lived very dangerously.

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And I was hurt by his death.

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But Harold was just kind of like snatched away.

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And it's something that the community has not dealt with.

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And I think it's an after effect, and I think it needs to be dealt with.

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Today's politics, we were here during the mayoral election last year.

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And I'll tell you, we went to a number of rallies over on the south side.

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And we were really, really taken aback by the rhetoric.

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Not that people were just opposed to Mayor Daley, but the rhetoric was very, very, very strong.

232
00:13:19.280 --> 00:13:24.500
Can you explain what's going on politically in terms of the African-American community in Daley?

233
00:13:24.620 --> 00:13:26.460
And then I have a couple of follow-up questions on that.

234
00:13:26.460 --> 00:13:32.500
I don't think I've ever been to a rally where it seemed as if...

235
00:13:32.500 --> 00:13:35.360
45th of Michigan? I missed it, but I can imagine that.

236
00:13:36.620 --> 00:13:37.840
That was on Michigan.

237
00:13:39.500 --> 00:13:40.040
What was the rhetoric?

238
00:13:40.320 --> 00:13:41.600
It was very, very strong.

239
00:13:41.920 --> 00:13:42.660
Really? What did it say?

240
00:13:42.940 --> 00:13:46.580
I'm kind of sorry, I'm going to reiterate that you have a lot of times with African-American politicians.

241
00:13:47.560 --> 00:13:48.560
It'll seem very personal.

242
00:13:49.280 --> 00:13:52.400
Well, I think it can't be personal, it has to be factual.

243
00:13:52.400 --> 00:13:54.440
And one of the things that Dr. King...

244
00:13:54.440 --> 00:13:59.180
That's their lives of balance in terms of working with Dr. King, is we were always told to deal with what the truth is.

245
00:13:59.560 --> 00:14:01.240
As a scientist, you've got to always deal with the truth.

246
00:14:02.380 --> 00:14:03.340
And that's what you do.

247
00:14:03.560 --> 00:14:05.540
You can't deal with just rhetoric.

248
00:14:05.980 --> 00:14:07.080
If it's wrong, it's wrong.

249
00:14:07.380 --> 00:14:10.720
And one thing the mayor said about me in the last election was that...

250
00:14:10.720 --> 00:14:12.960
Till and I might not always agree, but she fights for people.

251
00:14:13.220 --> 00:14:15.380
There's a mutual respect, you have a respect in there.

252
00:14:16.220 --> 00:14:18.060
If you're wrong, I'm going to fight you.

253
00:14:18.380 --> 00:14:19.400
If you're right, I'm going to fight you.

254
00:14:19.420 --> 00:14:20.340
She's like Trotman.

255
00:14:20.640 --> 00:14:23.400
She didn't know what I was going to do, but I felt I was very wrong.

256
00:14:23.640 --> 00:14:24.520
She's been passed over.

257
00:14:24.720 --> 00:14:25.700
Why are you going to pass her over?

258
00:14:25.860 --> 00:14:27.200
She said, this is not a Hispanic seat.

259
00:14:27.960 --> 00:14:30.640
She's the vice chairman two times, and she's not been given it.

260
00:14:30.640 --> 00:14:31.440
She's very good.

261
00:14:31.740 --> 00:14:33.660
And this person has a chairmanship.

262
00:14:34.940 --> 00:14:36.140
Things that's right, you fight.

263
00:14:36.240 --> 00:14:38.120
Things that's wrong, you fight.

264
00:14:38.200 --> 00:14:39.860
Things that's right, there's no need to fight.

265
00:14:41.640 --> 00:14:43.200
I know some of the ready might have been strong.

266
00:14:43.340 --> 00:14:44.200
I think they should have stayed whatever.

267
00:14:44.440 --> 00:14:45.600
I think you always stay with the issues.

268
00:14:45.600 --> 00:14:49.940
I really think that we would have, too, we needed a black mayor,

269
00:14:50.220 --> 00:14:51.760
but not just a mayor because of the color,

270
00:14:52.080 --> 00:14:55.480
but because the African American community felt we would have fared better.

271
00:14:55.800 --> 00:14:57.940
It had to be a person with character, a person who was right.

272
00:14:58.380 --> 00:15:00.140
I mean, you can have somebody in there.

273
00:15:00.500 --> 00:15:02.300
You know, you've got to deal with content of character.

274
00:15:03.000 --> 00:15:04.760
I mean, if you get someone in, don't take care of our community.

275
00:15:04.860 --> 00:15:05.560
It's still the same.

276
00:15:05.620 --> 00:15:06.840
So what's the difference?

277
00:15:08.460 --> 00:15:09.020
I don't know.

278
00:15:09.100 --> 00:15:09.660
I guess I don't know.

279
00:15:09.660 --> 00:15:12.400
Is it the case then that you have rhetoric in the middle of a campaign,

280
00:15:12.400 --> 00:15:15.380
but then afterwards it seems like everybody gets along pretty well over here?

281
00:15:16.460 --> 00:15:17.640
Well, you wasn't in the council.

282
00:15:17.700 --> 00:15:18.500
You was at a rally.

283
00:15:18.840 --> 00:15:20.820
And even now we disagree on some things.

284
00:15:21.200 --> 00:15:23.640
One thing about Chicago government, even under Mayor Washington,

285
00:15:24.000 --> 00:15:27.980
in the height of the 29-21, the garbage got picked up.

286
00:15:28.580 --> 00:15:29.720
The lights got turned on.

287
00:15:29.940 --> 00:15:31.140
Basic city services happened.

288
00:15:31.600 --> 00:15:33.480
The struggle was always with the contracts.

289
00:15:34.320 --> 00:15:35.100
That's the struggle.

290
00:15:35.360 --> 00:15:36.520
How many contracts are we getting?

291
00:15:36.840 --> 00:15:40.080
When you look at the fact that we don't have enough black policemen on the police force,

292
00:15:40.400 --> 00:15:41.760
the firearms, when you look at that,

293
00:15:41.760 --> 00:15:45.860
and when you look at contracts and things affecting the black and brown community

294
00:15:45.860 --> 00:15:47.840
and the women community, that's the fight.

295
00:15:48.320 --> 00:15:51.040
The other stuff is just basic city things.

296
00:15:51.600 --> 00:15:52.420
But it's contracts.

297
00:15:52.580 --> 00:15:55.080
It's about how much resources, and where does the resources go?

298
00:15:55.360 --> 00:16:00.360
Do you bill enough black, give enough blacks contracts that they can bill and work?

299
00:16:00.560 --> 00:16:03.040
Because if a black gets money, the money turns over,

300
00:16:03.160 --> 00:16:04.960
and the community gets a certain amount of time.

301
00:16:05.260 --> 00:16:09.240
So I think that's the bigger fight in terms of equity with the contracts.

302
00:16:09.240 --> 00:16:12.520
And one of the things that Harold Washington did is he did have equity with the contracts.

303
00:16:12.740 --> 00:16:15.440
And I think that's what people are missing about when they're just talking.

304
00:16:15.980 --> 00:16:18.540
I mean, we're going to sit here and have, we're going to take care of the city.

305
00:16:18.680 --> 00:16:21.480
That's our responsibility as elected officials.

306
00:16:22.160 --> 00:16:23.340
But it's all about the contracts.

307
00:16:23.540 --> 00:16:25.420
I mean, where do the contracts go?

308
00:16:25.760 --> 00:16:28.220
Where does the money go to building?

309
00:16:28.340 --> 00:16:33.160
I can certainly say that I probably got more housing redevelopment in my ward under Mayor Washington,

310
00:16:33.220 --> 00:16:34.940
even though I do get some now.

311
00:16:35.280 --> 00:16:38.720
Harold coming from the black community, and coming from also the machine,

312
00:16:38.720 --> 00:16:40.520
because he was nurtured in the machine.

313
00:16:41.000 --> 00:16:42.640
He understood the politics of it.

314
00:16:42.760 --> 00:16:44.840
He also understood the needs of our community.

315
00:16:45.020 --> 00:16:50.140
And he was able to balance it all to try to at least begin to help the community grow.

316
00:16:50.440 --> 00:16:53.000
And also in Harold Washington, people felt kinship.

317
00:16:53.180 --> 00:16:54.540
So they too became a partner.

318
00:16:54.980 --> 00:16:57.580
Under Harold Washington, black folks felt a partner in government.

319
00:16:58.080 --> 00:16:59.020
That's what you had.

320
00:17:00.760 --> 00:17:01.180
Anything else?

321
00:17:01.240 --> 00:17:02.720
Yeah, I have a question because last year...

322
00:17:03.840 --> 00:17:05.120
The eye line tends to trip.

323
00:17:05.200 --> 00:17:06.520
This is off the subject.

324
00:17:06.520 --> 00:17:09.440
You filmed all over town last year during the election.

325
00:17:10.080 --> 00:17:12.240
There seems to be an obsession with signs.

326
00:17:12.840 --> 00:17:16.980
Getting your sign up and getting your name in front of the elector as much as possible.

327
00:17:17.380 --> 00:17:22.260
And in your district, we came across some guys who were busy not tearing down your sign,

328
00:17:22.460 --> 00:17:25.620
but plastering their own signs when your opponent's over yours.

329
00:17:25.960 --> 00:17:26.900
Well, one of the things...

330
00:17:26.900 --> 00:17:28.140
You know, I'm running for Congress.

331
00:17:28.740 --> 00:17:30.260
I do intend to win by the time I'm here.

332
00:17:30.740 --> 00:17:33.360
One of the things we have not done, and we have not in this election,

333
00:17:33.360 --> 00:17:36.940
is put any posters up on the polls because I'm so disgusted.

334
00:17:36.940 --> 00:17:40.280
I've never in my life seen it, especially when you're in the center part of this district.

335
00:17:40.980 --> 00:17:42.520
That looks so messy. It should be neat.

336
00:17:42.820 --> 00:17:45.720
It's a battle of the signs, but that's part of Chicago politics.

337
00:17:45.740 --> 00:17:47.160
You should be neat. You should not...

338
00:17:47.160 --> 00:17:50.380
I've always told my workers that you're not to deface people's property,

339
00:17:50.760 --> 00:17:54.840
nor you to put them on the public way in terms of traffic signals and be disrespectful.

340
00:17:55.340 --> 00:17:56.480
Some folks have no respect.

341
00:17:56.880 --> 00:17:59.040
You can't expect people to give something they don't have.

342
00:17:59.400 --> 00:18:00.820
Why do you think that there's so much battle?

343
00:18:00.820 --> 00:18:03.400
Because compared to any other city we've been in,

344
00:18:03.580 --> 00:18:05.800
the battle of the signs here is more than anyplace else.

345
00:18:05.980 --> 00:18:06.860
What is it about Chicago?

346
00:18:06.880 --> 00:18:07.820
Well, name recognition.

347
00:18:08.500 --> 00:18:09.820
People sometimes don't...

348
00:18:10.440 --> 00:18:12.240
They're standing by the bus post and they're looking,

349
00:18:12.620 --> 00:18:14.500
and there's a percentage of votes that you might get.

350
00:18:14.800 --> 00:18:17.620
The last minute they might see your name, you know.

351
00:18:18.060 --> 00:18:19.880
But I tend to think people have...

352
00:18:19.880 --> 00:18:22.160
They believe people have not made their mind up before they went in,

353
00:18:22.340 --> 00:18:23.080
and that's why you do it.

354
00:18:23.080 --> 00:18:24.620
You should be on election day with the palm cards.

355
00:18:24.680 --> 00:18:26.820
You ever seen that? The passing of the palm cards.

356
00:18:27.140 --> 00:18:27.980
Well, I do a mailing.

357
00:18:27.980 --> 00:18:34.400
In my ward, on election day, all of my residents have my sample ballot.

358
00:18:35.920 --> 00:18:37.580
So how do you feel when you drive down the street

359
00:18:37.580 --> 00:18:40.740
and you see the night after one of the opposition crews

360
00:18:40.740 --> 00:18:43.680
ripped off your face off all the posters on the floor?

361
00:18:43.820 --> 00:18:45.580
It don't bother me. My workers get upset.

362
00:18:46.260 --> 00:18:46.980
It don't bother me.

363
00:18:48.340 --> 00:18:49.760
I mean, it's not, you know...

364
00:18:49.760 --> 00:18:51.920
They're not ripping my face. I dare them.

365
00:18:55.260 --> 00:18:57.660
Let me ask you to do one more thing, just one last thing.

366
00:18:57.660 --> 00:18:59.660
We've been doing this all over the country.

367
00:18:59.840 --> 00:19:02.500
This is our 30th state, and we're trying a lot of strata.

368
00:19:02.660 --> 00:19:04.440
Just smile at the end of it and keep looking at the camera.

369
00:19:05.140 --> 00:19:07.000
Hi. I'm Oliver Dorothy Tillman.

370
00:19:07.120 --> 00:19:09.700
In the city of Chicago, I represent over 60,000 people,

371
00:19:09.720 --> 00:19:11.760
which is larger than most... a lot of little towns.

372
00:19:12.260 --> 00:19:14.940
Right now I'm running for Congress for the 7th congressional district.

373
00:19:15.380 --> 00:19:18.620
In this country, I intend to win by time this show.

374
00:19:19.800 --> 00:19:23.020
Welcome to Chicago, the greatest city in the world.

375
00:19:24.420 --> 00:19:25.640
Okay, can we do a short version?

376
00:19:25.640 --> 00:19:26.920
I don't feel much adjustment.

377
00:19:31.260 --> 00:19:31.960
So it's consistent.

378
00:19:33.560 --> 00:19:34.320
You didn't like that?

379
00:19:34.540 --> 00:19:35.880
I do like that one.

380
00:19:36.020 --> 00:19:37.240
It's got to match.

381
00:19:38.200 --> 00:19:41.420
I've never known the match of anybody. I've always surpassed them.

382
00:19:42.240 --> 00:19:43.740
I guarantee you'll stand out.

383
00:19:44.680 --> 00:19:47.220
But if you can do... I'm Alderman Dorothy Tillman,

384
00:19:47.320 --> 00:19:49.520
and I'm running for Congress in the city of Chicago.

385
00:19:50.180 --> 00:19:52.120
I'm running for Congress in the 7th congressional district.

386
00:19:52.300 --> 00:19:54.240
In the city of Chicago, that's fine. I stand corrected.

387
00:19:54.240 --> 00:19:55.000
Okay.

388
00:19:55.220 --> 00:19:57.020
The honorable member for the third ward.

389
00:19:58.380 --> 00:19:59.980
So just, you know, I'm Alderman Dorothy Tillman,

390
00:20:00.140 --> 00:20:03.300
running for Congress in the 7th congressional district

391
00:20:03.300 --> 00:20:04.180
in the city of Chicago.

392
00:20:04.620 --> 00:20:06.840
Yes. Hi, I'm Alderman Dorothy Tillman.

393
00:20:07.160 --> 00:20:10.260
I'm running for Congress for the 7th congressional district

394
00:20:10.260 --> 00:20:12.140
in the city of Chicago, the state of Illinois.

395
00:20:13.500 --> 00:20:14.580
Great. Let's try it one more time.

396
00:20:14.840 --> 00:20:15.520
A little more energy.

397
00:20:15.920 --> 00:20:18.240
Hi, I'm Alderman Dorothy Tillman.

398
00:20:18.560 --> 00:20:20.840
I'm running for Congress in the city of Chicago.

399
00:20:22.060 --> 00:20:26.320
Hi. Hi, I'm Alderman Dorothy Tillman.

400
00:20:26.600 --> 00:20:29.260
I'm running for Congress in the 7th congressional district

401
00:20:29.260 --> 00:20:31.820
in the city of Chicago, the state of Illinois.

402
00:20:35.780 --> 00:20:38.140
Hi, I'm Alderman Dorothy Tillman.

403
00:20:38.400 --> 00:20:40.900
I'm running for Congress in the city of Chicago,

404
00:20:41.060 --> 00:20:42.980
7th congressional district, state of Illinois.

405
00:20:47.460 --> 00:20:48.060
Unbelievable.

406
00:20:48.060 --> 00:20:50.340
I don't want to do it one more time.

407
00:20:51.200 --> 00:20:51.640
So is it?

408
00:20:51.720 --> 00:20:52.540
Yeah. Yes, sir.

409
00:20:52.600 --> 00:20:55.440
Well, I was going to say, are you getting it?

410
00:20:55.720 --> 00:20:58.160
Okay. We were down at the city council today.

411
00:20:58.360 --> 00:21:00.480
We were at city council, then we went at the back room,

412
00:21:00.640 --> 00:21:03.300
you know, where they all hang out and schmooze.

413
00:21:03.940 --> 00:21:07.960
And I sort of felt like we were at American politics ground zero.

414
00:21:08.800 --> 00:21:13.280
It was. Well, more several years ago than today.

415
00:21:13.820 --> 00:21:16.340
Today it's settled down a bit, but not much.

416
00:21:16.340 --> 00:21:18.400
Chicago, you must remember Chicago,

417
00:21:18.480 --> 00:21:20.020
we think of the city council in Nigeria.

418
00:21:20.280 --> 00:21:23.740
The first name that comes to mind is Richard Daly the Elder.

419
00:21:25.000 --> 00:21:27.720
You know, like Pliny the Elder, Richard Daly the Elder.

420
00:21:28.280 --> 00:21:31.800
Sort of a serial comic Caesar, in a sense.

421
00:21:32.300 --> 00:21:33.940
What he said goes.

422
00:21:35.020 --> 00:21:36.980
And they were, Mike Royko the Columnal,

423
00:21:36.980 --> 00:21:41.080
described the city council as a chamber of trained seals.

424
00:21:41.960 --> 00:21:46.340
And so they would follow his, whatever he said was the word.

425
00:21:46.980 --> 00:21:48.840
Every now and then, once in a while,

426
00:21:48.860 --> 00:21:52.840
there was an independent alderman, Len DePray, case in point.

427
00:21:53.540 --> 00:21:56.800
And he would get up, you know, now microphones came into being,

428
00:21:57.180 --> 00:21:58.680
electronics are now part of the scene.

429
00:21:59.260 --> 00:22:03.140
And when he got up to speak, to challenge something of his honor,

430
00:22:03.360 --> 00:22:05.700
the mayor, the mic would be turned off.

431
00:22:05.840 --> 00:22:08.380
Danny would just nod, and oh, Mike.

432
00:22:08.380 --> 00:22:11.320
So DePray says it was a great training ground for me.

433
00:22:11.320 --> 00:22:14.220
I learned how to say, be very succinct.

434
00:22:14.480 --> 00:22:19.540
Get things, get poils of wisdom in 10, 15 seconds.

435
00:22:20.140 --> 00:22:21.520
You would be turned off.

436
00:22:22.000 --> 00:22:26.760
Chicago must remember as a blue collar city primarily.

437
00:22:27.240 --> 00:22:30.480
It didn't have the graces of what are called story cities,

438
00:22:30.940 --> 00:22:33.580
like New York, New Orleans, and San Francisco.

439
00:22:33.880 --> 00:22:35.380
They're called story cities.

440
00:22:35.380 --> 00:22:37.940
And though Chicago were dull, it had no story.

441
00:22:38.640 --> 00:22:42.820
Chicago had far more stories to it than all these cities put together.

442
00:22:43.180 --> 00:22:45.300
But it was blue collar primarily.

443
00:22:46.520 --> 00:22:50.560
And so the people came when this huge complex was being built

444
00:22:50.560 --> 00:22:55.140
after the Chicago fire of 1871, and there was swamp.

445
00:22:55.580 --> 00:22:59.960
And here came architects as well as the blue collar people working in where?

446
00:23:00.300 --> 00:23:03.400
In steel, farm equipment, packing house.

447
00:23:03.400 --> 00:23:07.060
So when Sandberg in the celebrated poem of the book of Chicago,

448
00:23:07.480 --> 00:23:09.960
Hogg Butcher the World, of course he was right.

449
00:23:10.060 --> 00:23:13.200
The stockyards, the biggest in the world at the time.

450
00:23:13.600 --> 00:23:16.040
The sitter of the nation's railroads.

451
00:23:16.540 --> 00:23:20.640
1,000 passenger cars passed through Chicago each day

452
00:23:20.640 --> 00:23:23.820
through a dozen or so depots.

453
00:23:24.560 --> 00:23:29.660
Grain market, you know, of course the grain market, and steel.

454
00:23:30.480 --> 00:23:31.480
All this was Chicago.

455
00:23:31.480 --> 00:23:36.160
Today, of course, you know, it's taken a tremendous beating for a number of reasons.

456
00:23:36.240 --> 00:23:40.580
One, the multinationals taking over, conglomerates taking over,

457
00:23:40.940 --> 00:23:44.460
and of course moving plants to places where there are no unions,

458
00:23:44.900 --> 00:23:50.560
where the labor could be described as serf, slave labor, certainly serf labor.

459
00:23:51.220 --> 00:23:56.820
Plus the nature of technology itself, the computer, and the chip.

460
00:23:57.300 --> 00:23:58.700
I can't get used to those words.

461
00:23:58.700 --> 00:24:05.780
To me hardware, software means hammer, nails, software, pillowcases, Turkish dowels.

462
00:24:06.020 --> 00:24:07.160
So I'm not up on that.

463
00:24:07.740 --> 00:24:11.900
But we do know all that played a role in devastating our city.

464
00:24:12.260 --> 00:24:16.280
Perhaps more than most cities, because it was the industrial city.

465
00:24:16.660 --> 00:24:18.140
City of the skyscrapers.

466
00:24:18.200 --> 00:24:22.000
No accident, Chicago brought forth the skyscrapers.

467
00:24:22.600 --> 00:24:28.000
Steel was the ingredient here, and the visionaries like Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright.

468
00:24:28.700 --> 00:24:33.820
And so it was a city of Eastern Europeans who came, Mediterranean came,

469
00:24:34.560 --> 00:24:40.580
from the deep south, poor whites came, especially after World War I and World War II.

470
00:24:41.020 --> 00:24:46.280
As far as the black people of the south, there were two migrations after World War I and World War II.

471
00:24:46.620 --> 00:24:50.100
As a result, Chicago was two big, big black areas.

472
00:24:50.960 --> 00:24:55.700
The south side, more sophisticated, older people there, came at the end of World War I.

473
00:24:55.900 --> 00:25:02.820
And the west side, more deprived, if possible.

474
00:25:03.320 --> 00:25:07.880
So that's part of Chicago, and the Hispanic population is growing.

475
00:25:08.800 --> 00:25:14.040
So the minorities or the new groups are the people of color, to a great extent.

476
00:25:14.880 --> 00:25:20.400
And so Chicago has this particular division, too, of segregation.

477
00:25:20.400 --> 00:25:27.660
Well, you could travel from all the way along the outer drive, the beautiful outer drive,

478
00:25:27.660 --> 00:25:33.200
Face Lake, Michigan, you could travel all the way from the south, Gary, Indiana, all the way north,

479
00:25:33.380 --> 00:25:37.320
Evansville, Illinois, and not once see a slum or a ghetto.

480
00:25:37.560 --> 00:25:44.440
From the distance you will see those huge housing projects, the biggest in the world, Robert Taylor Homes,

481
00:25:44.680 --> 00:25:47.540
but from a distance. So that's Chicago, too.

482
00:25:47.540 --> 00:25:57.920
As far as the city and corruption, well Chicago may have been most flamboyant in its corruption,

483
00:25:58.300 --> 00:26:04.420
but I was rather proud of it. I called Chicago not the most corrupt city, but the big daddy of them all.

484
00:26:05.020 --> 00:26:09.340
And so the slogan originally of Chicago, way back when it was being built,

485
00:26:09.680 --> 00:26:15.940
of course there was a matter of parks were being discussed and trees and forests were discussed,

486
00:26:15.940 --> 00:26:20.960
so the Latin slogan, Orbs in Horto, was the slogan.

487
00:26:21.940 --> 00:26:29.220
City in the garden. In fact, Olmsted, the planner, the garden, the one of Central Park, New York,

488
00:26:29.420 --> 00:26:31.980
was in Chicago, too, making these plans.

489
00:26:32.720 --> 00:26:40.380
Later on, Mike Royko, the columnist, the irreverent columnist, or Nelson Aldrin, the irreverent novelist,

490
00:26:40.380 --> 00:26:45.380
conceived the phrase, Orbs in Horto is not exactly, it should be,

491
00:26:47.220 --> 00:26:49.640
Ubiest Mea, where's mine?

492
00:26:50.400 --> 00:26:55.180
And that was a Chicago thing. An anecdote goes with it involving Royko.

493
00:26:55.460 --> 00:26:59.980
At the time of Daily the Elder, apartments were made without question,

494
00:27:00.500 --> 00:27:06.200
but now during the 60s, new kinds of independent congressmen came in.

495
00:27:06.200 --> 00:27:10.200
There was a block of black guys, but also some white independents,

496
00:27:11.060 --> 00:27:14.260
one of whom was Dick Simpson of the near north side,

497
00:27:14.640 --> 00:27:19.020
who was also a teacher at the University of Illinois Chicago campus.

498
00:27:19.680 --> 00:27:22.160
And he was challenging Daily on occasion.

499
00:27:22.720 --> 00:27:27.840
And when someone was appointed to the zoning board, the zoning board dealing with real estate,

500
00:27:29.060 --> 00:27:32.720
who was also a member of Arthur Rubleff and Company, leading realtor,

501
00:27:32.720 --> 00:27:38.480
but also the son of Daily's right-hand man, Alderman Tom Keane, who later on spent time in the pokey.

502
00:27:39.220 --> 00:27:41.460
See, Daily was not interested in money, by the way.

503
00:27:42.140 --> 00:27:44.800
They're going to find, they said one thing only, power.

504
00:27:45.680 --> 00:27:47.340
But Tom Keane was the money man.

505
00:27:47.840 --> 00:27:52.020
Well, Tom Keane's son, Tommy Keane, of Arthur Rubleff and Company,

506
00:27:52.100 --> 00:27:56.380
is appointed to the zoning board that determines the nature of real estate.

507
00:27:57.000 --> 00:28:00.040
And so this descending Alderman gets up Simpson and says,

508
00:28:00.040 --> 00:28:04.840
this is nepotism, but first more than that is conflict of interests.

509
00:28:05.140 --> 00:28:07.080
And Daily said, what do you mean by nepotism?

510
00:28:07.360 --> 00:28:08.940
What do you mean by conflict of interests?

511
00:28:09.220 --> 00:28:12.680
And he goes on to say, you don't know, you have no children, you had children,

512
00:28:12.780 --> 00:28:18.520
you'd know why Tommy Keane's mother is a fine Polish-American woman.

513
00:28:18.960 --> 00:28:23.800
And Max Cobb next day has, my mother's a fine Polish-American woman, where's mine?

514
00:28:24.880 --> 00:28:27.960
So in a sense, that was Chicago at the time.

515
00:28:27.960 --> 00:28:30.220
Is ethnicity a big deal here?

516
00:28:31.080 --> 00:28:34.780
Ethnicity? See, that's a hard one to answer.

517
00:28:35.280 --> 00:28:37.320
Ethnicity has always been a big deal in Chicago,

518
00:28:37.720 --> 00:28:39.880
especially among Eastern Europeans who have come here.

519
00:28:40.240 --> 00:28:41.260
There are different neighborhoods.

520
00:28:42.340 --> 00:28:46.320
There's the Ukrainian neighborhood, there's the Lithuanian neighborhood,

521
00:28:46.840 --> 00:28:50.920
Polish neighborhood, even the Eastern European have their own kind of neighborhood.

522
00:28:51.980 --> 00:28:56.500
And it was called the bungalow neighborhoods, two flats, you see,

523
00:28:56.500 --> 00:29:00.560
living on the first floor would be the old steelworker,

524
00:29:00.940 --> 00:29:05.180
and who saved money to have the house, up above lives his daughter and son-in-law.

525
00:29:05.600 --> 00:29:07.220
That was the pattern for Chicago.

526
00:29:07.800 --> 00:29:12.820
The only trouble with that sort of ethnicity is also suspicious of the outsider,

527
00:29:13.760 --> 00:29:18.500
especially the black, and that became part of the Chicago scene.

528
00:29:20.380 --> 00:29:21.060
How does that play out?