WEBVTT

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Okay.

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We'll just leave that on, you don't have to do that.

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So they start rolling, you'll see both these white things are lit.

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And you want to make...

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Ask you to start rolling audio tape.

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Okay.

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Here we go again.

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You're going to get pretty used to this, aren't you?

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Hold it up a little higher, so...

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Hold it up a little higher?

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Okay, go.

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Do I need to read it?

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Yes.

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Jose, interview number two, scene one, take one.

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Roll one.

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Roll one.

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Okay, have a seat.

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You're on when you're ready.

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Okay, could you talk about that?

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Oh, about art being political, right?

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Okay, the reason I say that art is political is because everything that is painted has

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got to do with the environment, politics, or what's happening in the community.

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So, like in the case of the Cicepuedes mural, it was at the time when the farm workers were

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going through the strikes, they were having trouble with pesticides.

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The children were being treated, you know, for eating stuff that was contaminated with

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chemicals.

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So, at that time, you know, the organization was boycotting lettuce.

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They probably still are now, you know, but at that time, especially, they were boycotting

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lettuce and grapes.

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And that was the time when the government, despite the boycott, they were buying grapes,

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you know.

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In other words, trying to break the thing about the boycott.

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So, when we were going to do the mural there, it was done in a couple of weeks, you know.

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It happened that some of the farm workers were in town for a meeting.

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So, they said, if you're going to paint something, why don't you paint something to support our

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cause, because we're going to be in the neighborhood, you know, pressing out leaflets, and it will

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help as part of a campaign or, you know, for propaganda purposes.

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So, that was the case of that mural.

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It came about because the time the things were happening and also the farm workers were

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in the area organizing people to boycott the products, you know, from the grapevines from California.

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Jose, scene one, take two, roll one.

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All art is political.

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Go ahead and actually say it to Susan when Susan tells you, okay.

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All art is political, beginning from even the Renaissance, because when De Vinci was

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doing the 16th Chapel, he was painting art to support the pope.

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When the French painter, Chardon, whatever his name was, was doing art, even though it

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seemed like he wasn't political, you know, he would paint bread, food, it was in the

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middle of the French Revolution that he did that, you know, and there was people who were

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fighting, you know, for crumbs, you know.

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And also, when he painted bread and crumbs and food, it was something that the people

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didn't have, you know, so even still life would be considered political.

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And even now, you know, even if they paint the ocean, it's political, because what happened

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at this thing in Alaska, you know, the Exxon and oil companies are involved in it.

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And to say that painting the ocean is not political is not understanding what art really

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is, you know, because there is no such thing as art for art's sake in my book.

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Good, very good. Okay.

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A little higher.

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Okay, Sue.

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Okay, scene two, take two, roll one.

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Okay, any time.

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The mural at the Chicago Park District workers' room, as we call it, you know, or labor room,

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they call it, or the tool room, where we paint the mural, deals with the people working in

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the park.

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So it includes women, men, black and white.

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And of course, the reason it's important, because a lot of the workers participated

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in doing it, well, not a lot of them, but at least six or seven, you know, and the rest

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participated in either criticizing it or supporting it, you know.

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Some liked it, some didn't, you know.

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Some said that there should be more women, and some said that in the first place, they

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didn't have enough women working there.

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In reality, they don't, you know, in landscaping, you know.

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And we took, we did it during the wintertime, you know, during dinner time, in the afternoons,

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or whenever it was snowing hard, you know, we didn't have nothing else to do.

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Well, we had a lot to do, you know, but we took time to do it anyway.

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Okay, scene three, take one, roll one.

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The murals in this community call for different themes, for the simple reason that, like in

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Chicago, there's different ethnic groups.

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If you're the one in the black community, you will call for something different, let's

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say in a Polish community, you know.

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You know, there are people who are working or members of the working class, that doesn't

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mean that their backgrounds are the same, you know.

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So it calls for different themes, and perhaps different colors.

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For instance, there was one done at McDonald's on Valmont and Poleski, which dealt with the

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Polish culture, and it has a lot of costumes that the Polish people wear.

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It talks about Polish struggles.

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In the Mexican neighborhood, there's different things, such as the struggle with the farm

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workers, the demonstrations against immigration.

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So, of course, it calls for a different theme, like the mural, it was dealing with the farm

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workers and the community.

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And in case of the one on 28th and Reachway, which is called We Will Stop the Storm, it

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deals with the community, but in the community itself, there lives different ethnic backgrounds.

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There's black, there's a few Polish, and then there's a few Arabs, you know, which you don't

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have in some areas, but there you have them.

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So, in talking with the people there, you know, the Arabs have a lot to say, you know,

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especially what was going on in the Middle East.

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And the Mexicans have a lot to say with what's going on with the immigration.

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And then, of course, the Polish have a lot to say because they claim that at one time

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it was an old white neighborhood, and that now it changed, you know.

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So, of course, the theme there would completely be something to work with in that community.

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So, in doing that, we tell them, you know, We Will Stop the Storm.

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And what storm we're talking about is the storm that they mentioned, you know, like

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the storm in the Middle East where they're being brutalized by the Zionists, the storm

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here in Chicago where they're being brutalized by the immigration, or we have some quotes

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there by people like Bapa Bacon who had to leave the country because his life was in

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danger, and his life was in danger because he's a revolutionary.

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So, of course, the theme completely has got to change.

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It can't be the same in all the neighborhoods.

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So, it shows dove that looks like a thunderbird and also might look like an eagle.

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But in the background, there's a storm that the people have talked about.

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And instead of going about doing a lot of figures, you know, doing a lot of pyramids

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or doing a lot of either Egyptian or Mexican pyramids, we use symbols, you know.

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So, what we use was the storm as the problem that they are having, which would include

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all the people, you know.

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We didn't have to put pictures of the immigration, pictures of the Zionists being up on the air

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of people or the immigration, brutalizing the newly arrived.

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So, we use the storm as a symbol for all those things that are happening.

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And also, we showed a picture of a boy and a girl, one on each side.

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One of them being that the girl is stepping on a swastika, you know, which still symbolizes racism.

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And in some of the neighborhoods that we go to now, there are swastikas that are pretty

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well left alone, meaning that maybe there's a lot of people who are sympathetic to the way

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some people think, you know, especially like the right wing, because they don't want blacks

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moving in.

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So, the theme was we will stop the storm.

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And the storm was the problem that these people are having, you know, and the problems that

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minorities and other people who don't adhere to the system have, you know.

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Okay, now I am.

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Go ahead.

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But when you put it in, it should already be open.

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Yeah, okay.

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Now let me roll.

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Okay.

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Okay, scene four, take one, roll two.

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Okay, whenever you're ready.

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Okay, we're working at this factory.

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National video, doing TV tubes, you know, like at that time, that was about the only

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factory doing TV tubes.

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But we wanted to get another union in there.

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So in order to get another union there, we had to do organizing, you know, get other

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people.

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So we had this group called PGR.

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We took it from the song of who was singing it, called People Get Ready.

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Okay, so we called it PGR, and the paper was called People Get Ready.

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So basically it was mostly in writing, like informative letter, you know, no illustrations.

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So I started doing the illustrations for the People Get Ready pamphlet.

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It was actually a pamphlet.

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And we would discuss cartoons and this and that.

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And different things happening.

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We would mostly discuss what was going on in the factory and how the organizing was

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going along.

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So it was during that time that I met this other Chicago artist who was already doing

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a lot of artwork, you know.

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And he was, he's a very famous artist, I would say, whose name is John Weber.

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And from then on, we went to Indiana.

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I think it was Gary, Indiana, where they had a meeting dealing with the miners, you know.

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They had gone on strike in one of the mines, I forgot where.

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And they were discussing the situation there.

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And we were discussing the situation in the city.

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So eventually, by discussing with the miners, and which were mostly from that particular

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area in the south, I forgot which part of the south it was, John and me were discussing

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this thing with the people there.

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It happened that John had got some space at the UE Hall to do a mural.

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So he asked me if I would be interested in learning the technique.

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So I agreed to work with him.

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So we went in there, and that's when we started doing the mural.

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It took us close to a year to do it because we would work and then do other stuff on the

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outside.

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He had other stuff to do.

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And plus, I was working, so I had to do it whenever I had time, you know, Saturdays,

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Sundays, or in the afternoons.

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As it turned out, it turned out to be pretty good because we could make changes in the

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mural.

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And we were liberated to express ourselves more politically because the people who ran

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the United Electrical Workers had been involved in class struggles many years ago in the 30s

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during the McCarthy era.

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A lot of them had gotten in trouble, you know.

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And a lot of them were still around.

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And of course, you know, we discussed things with them.

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And they agreed on certain things.

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They said, let's go to the factory and do sketches of the workers as they're working,

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which John did.

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I couldn't go that day, but John did some sketches.

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But then he brought them back, and then we put some sketches on the wall.

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I had some sketches that I had done.

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Sort of most of the sketches about the Klan, the reactionary forces.

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And at that time, it included also the things that happened in Chile because the mural was

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painted in 73, around 73.

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So we included different things dealing with the situation in Chile.

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But also the stronger points were made about the workers, you know.

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And artists who paint are not necessarily, you know, from the elite.

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They come also from the working class.

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But not just the working class, the advanced working class, because we can't be all together

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because there are workers who are backward, you know.

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Or they might have different kinds of politics.

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So I would say there's a group of workers that even though they work, they were advanced

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They know about politics.

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They know about art.

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They know about the situations that surround them, you know.

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So me and many other painters who come from the working class do this work.

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We want to do it well.

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And we learn from other people, you know, from the Mexican masters, the Cicado and the rest.

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From the artists that are here, too, you know.

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They come from Mexico, they come from Europe, or other artists who are doing mural work.

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And all of them are doing political work.

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None of the murals are just painted for the hell of it, you know.

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All of them have to deal with specific situations.

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And like we have said before, maybe some, well in the 21st century, you know, people,

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other people will learn from us too, and they'll say, well, at least they contributed

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not only to the art community, but to the working class, you know, to the working class movement.

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Because working people don't just work, go to the feds and come back, you know, they do a lot of things.

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They read politics, they discuss politics, you know.

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In my case, I discuss politics and also do art.

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Let me just do something here quick.

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I'm a little tighter, so let me just move this up a tiny bit.

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Maybe you have to adjust just a tiny bit down, Susan.

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Okay, down?

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Yeah, just wait and see if the needle where the needle is.

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I tried that double thing, it's really just kind of weird.

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It is, it is.

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Okay, scene five, take one, roll two.

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Like Carlos Cortez, Ray Vasquez, and me and the other artists, and myself,

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we tend to say that we are mostly cultural workers, you know,

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because artists seem to have an aloof look to some people, you know.

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They say, you're an artist, you must have a big studio, you must live in a fancy place, you know.

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Or you must have some special talent, you know.

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We don't see it as that, we don't see it as special talent or whatever, you know.

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We see it as something we're doing not only to educate ourselves, but to educate also the community.

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Like when we're painting, we're artists.

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People see us, they say, that's the artist, or that's a muralist,

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or like the kids in the neighborhood, some people say, that's a mural man.

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But in that situation, they say mural because we're close to the mural, we're doing artwork.

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But if I'm at work, a lot of people don't see me, you know, as an artist,

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they see me as somebody doing a job, you know.

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So if we have to do a clean-up job, then I'm going to say, where's the artist,

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or where's the mural man, they say, where's the garbage man.

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So over there I'm known as a garbage man.

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And if I'm close to a wall painting, I'm known as the mural man or an artist.

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Depends on what kind of brush I got.

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If I got a brush in my hand painting, I'm an artist,

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but if I'm picking up brushes we just cut, you know, from the bushes,

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then I'm a garbage man, there you go.

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But basically, we are people who, we are cultural workers.

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I mean, I would prefer that, as other artists prefer it.

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But there's nothing wrong with people who want to be called artists or whatever, you know.

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It's all right with me, just that I myself am more comfortable being a cultural work,

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like Cortez or like Marco Rayer, like many, many other artists.

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Okay, scene six, take one, roll two.

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Okay.

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Mural painting has been around for many years.

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When the, for instance, when the cavemen were doing it,

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then later on people would say that these people were backwards,

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that they were dumb, that they were like animals and this and that.

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And just recently, they've been saying that they weren't as dumb as they think, you know,

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because they were using shading and they were using different techniques.

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Some do better work than some of the artists I know.

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Anyway, I believe that this type of art, as they were doing it,

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they were doing it for a purpose, they weren't doing it just to decorate the walls.

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We are not doing it just to decorate the walls.

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So I figure that along the way, you know, even into the 21st century,

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even if the murals do deteriorate to some extent, they will say,

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well, these people that were doing it, just like they were saying about the cavemen, weren't dumb.

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They knew what was going on and they took politics and then they formed their own ideas.

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And then even though they're not here, the mural service is something that was hurled at them

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so they could see it and try to figure out and try to understand the situations that were happening then.

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And they will say, well, these people really meant business.

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They weren't just decorators. They were involved in politics.

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They were concerned with what was going on around them, you know, what was going on in Central America.

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Hopefully by that time in the future when people are looking at it, things will be different.

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That the people in Central America won't have the death squads or they won't have, you know,

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companies like the United Fruit Company or foreign investors dictating the way they should leave, you know.

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And we hope that when they look at our murals that people have documented, they will say,

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well, these people had the right idea, you know.

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We should continue to record this prosperity or whatever they have.

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Then they will continue to continue to do murals, public art, in other words,

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so that many people can always see it, always see it, you know.

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Just as people know about the caves, they will know about our murals in the 20th century.

