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With the rolling, with the rolling, with the rolling along.

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One that brings all round the red-skinned to dear half-bad tell.

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For that's the one that fights to wear out his mighty eyes.

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For he made an ancient race from everyone here, from his own.

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With the rolling, with the rolling along.

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Wheels are rolling, the romance of travel and transport,

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and adventure in speed, growth and progress.

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Today America is a nation on wheels, wheels that have rolled through wilderness and wasteland,

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leaving in their wake a thousand cities and ten thousand towns.

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In 1673, a group of French voyagers, Father Marquette and Joliet among them,

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reach the shores of Lake Michigan near the mouth of the Chicago River.

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These are the advanced guard of transport, penetrating far into the Indian country.

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Heroically facing the unknown and the new, the white man is already pushing the frontier westward.

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The Wilderness

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There is a wilderness to be conquered. The Indian knows that wilderness well.

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The intricacy of its trails and its waterways are part of his lore and his education.

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The canoe, the pirope, the horse, the crude trevois, all these are part of his understanding.

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Within the next century and a half, America as a nation is born.

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Towns and cities flourish along the eastern seaboard.

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Brave pioneers press farther into the wilderness.

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Indian trails become pathways. Pathways, roadways.

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Among the most important of the early turnpikes was the National Road, often called the Cumberland Road,

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surveyed by George Washington in his young manhood.

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The road was not begun until Thomas Jefferson's administration.

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The National Road reached straight from the Potomac to Vandalia, the early capital of Illinois.

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It was the first real inland transportation.

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Before this, America had been a land without wheels, a vast territory in which no vehicle could roll.

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An army of wagons and travelers of all descriptions begin to move westward.

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Gay coaches of four and six horses, male coaches, peddlers, soldiers, showmen, beggars,

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all picturesque pilgrims on the nation's great highway.

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The National Road did its share in bringing a blended era of national growth, which was spreading over the country.

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Yes, the National Road was built by the people and for the people,

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and became a highway for the products and commerce of eastern states.

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It was one of the great strands which bound the nation together in the early days.

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Long before the stagecoach and turnpike had ceased to be important factors in national travel,

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a new and radically different method of transportation appeared.

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The era of the National Road is succeeded by that of the railway.

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The use of steam as a propulsive power in transport is at hand.

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A brave beginning, English-born Rocket is his name.

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Lasting is his fame. George Stevenson had built him.

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It was not long after the advent of the Rocket, one of England's earliest locomotives,

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before the early Camden and Amboy Railroad, reaching all the long way across New Jersey,

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imported this remarkable engine, the John Bull.

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This was the first practical locomotive ever to be built in America

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and to go in regular service upon an American railroad.

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They called him the best friend of Charleston.

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He was built by the West Point Foundry Company in the city of New York in 1829

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and sent by sailing ship to Charleston, there to enter the service of the South Carolina Railroad,

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later to become part of the southern railway system.

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This DeWitt Clinton also was built at the West Point Foundry for the Mohawk and Hudson Railroad,

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the pioneer unit of the later New York Central System.

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These curious coaches were made by a Mr. Gould,

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master stage coach builder of the old city of Albany.

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This Lafayette was the first of the American long-boiled locomotives.

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The year is 1829.

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This time we are on the tracks of the very early Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.

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This elderly gentleman, who is now alighting from his carriage,

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is Charles Carroll, who is prominent in the development of early rail transportation.

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Mr. Carroll said when he turned the soil for the laying of the first stone of this railroad,

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I consider this among the most important acts of my life,

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second only to my signing of the Declaration of Independence.

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Here comes a quaint little engine called the Tom Thumb.

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And with it is Peter Cooper, the inventor of the Tom Thumb.

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Mr. Cooper has made this small engine out of odds and ends.

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Rifle barrels make good flues for his boiler.

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It is an odd contrivance, but it works.

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Mr. Stokes wagers his horse-drawn coach can go faster than the Tom Thumb.

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The race is on.

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Oh, the gray mare won.

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But not for long.

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This The Atlantic, built in 1832, was the last of the upright boiler engines.

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He went to work at once on the Baltimore and Ohio,

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and was the first engine ever to enter the city of Washington.

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Oh, we'll all go out to meet her when she comes.

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We will kill the old red rooster, we will kill the old red rooster,

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and we'll all have chicken and dumplings when she comes.

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In the early 1840s, Chicago found it difficult to keep its head above the swamps and mud that surrounded it.

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Roads clutched at wagon wheels with black, tenacious fingers.

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Coaches struggled along hub deep, churning the pikes into quagmires.

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By 1848, however, plank roads began to run into Chicago like spokes into a hub.

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Chicago's history takes shape, reflecting the dynamic personalities of its leaders.

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Here in the center is William B. Ogden, president of the Galena and Chicago Union,

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which is later to become the Chicago and Northwestern Railway System.

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Alighting from the carriage are John Wentworth, eccentric politician,

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and Cyrus H. McCormick, blacksmith inventor of the newfangled Reaper.

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These men focused their attentions on Chicago, and Chicago becomes the focal point of the nation,

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the future metropolis of the Midwest.

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["The Star-Spangled Banner"]

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["Fire, Fire, Fire, Fire, Fire, Fire, Fire"]

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["The Star-Spangled Banner"]

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The Uyghur citizens strive madly to save their town from flames.

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Why, it's not a fire at all.

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The smoke these people see is from the Baldwin-built locomotive,

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the pioneer of the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, as it's primed for its second trip.

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The wheels of the nation are beginning to whirl.

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The pioneer, a secondhand engine, on November 20, 1848,

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ran 10 miles out to the Des Plaines River and hauled in a load of wheat.

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Chicago, as a railroad center, is born.

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["The Star-Spangled Banner"]

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It is now the middle of the century, 1849.

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From the lately acquired Spanish province of California has come the whispering of a single word,

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gold that has set an entire land aflame.

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No longer is the Missouri the western limit of the nation's growth.

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There is a new land far away, close to the rim of the western sea,

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and this new land is a land of gold.

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The westward trek has now begun.

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A slender rigolette of folks headed straight for the setting sun,

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a steady torrent has become.

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Men, horses, wagons, coaches, in serried ranks press westward home.

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["The Star-Spangled Banner"]

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Let me hide my self in thee.

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["The Star-Spangled Banner"]

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Now the year is 1859 and one of the most romantic adventures of transport in America has begun.

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Here is a Wells Fargo coach.

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Hundreds of these coaches traverse thousands of miles of open plain and rugged mountain country,

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carrying at times more than two million dollars in gold in a single coach.

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Oh, see these horsemen.

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Yes, this is the Pony Express.

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Night and day, day and night, ceaseless, tireless are these couriers,

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through wind and rain and blazing sun and bitter cold.

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Ten miles to a horse, sixty miles to a rider, ten days St. Joe de Sacramento.

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The Wells Fargo coach with its passengers and gold starts another lap of its journey.

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Not always does the gold get through.

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The ready gun and the fastest horses are the law of the Oberland Trail.

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["The Star-Spangled Banner"]

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On this February day of 1861, Abraham Lincoln departs from his hometown of Springfield, Illinois,

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to take the highest gift within the power of the American people to bestow.

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It is an hour of great danger.

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My friends, no one, not in my situation, can appreciate my feeling of sadness at this parting.

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To this place and to the kindness of these people, I owe everything.

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Here I have lived a quarter of a century and have passed from a young man to an old man.

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Here my children have been born and one is buried.

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I now leave not knowing when or whether ever I may return,

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with a task before me greater than that which rested upon Washington.

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Without the assistance of that divine being who ever attended him, I cannot succeed.

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With that assistance, I cannot fail, trusting in him who can go with me and remain with you.

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And be everywhere for good.

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Let us confidently hope that all will yet be well.

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To his care commending you, as I hope in your prayers, you will commend me.

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I bid you an affectionate farewell.

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O, O, O, O, O,

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O, O, O, O,

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See, Lincoln walks alone.

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No, not alone.

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Faith leads and courage is his companion.

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The wheels might have spun faster and traveled farther had not the mighty axle of the nation cracked.

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Blood was spilled at Fort Sumter Bull Run, Fort Henry Shiloh, and Teton Fredericksburg.

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The stench of massacre mingled with immortality at Gettysburg.

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Vicksburg, Chickamauga, Kennesaw Mountain, Savannah, Chattanooga, Fishes Creek, Atlanta, and Appomattox.

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And then silent guns, broken men, and a mended nation.

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The wheels turned slowly, sadly.

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The nation mourns its martyred leader.

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Mr. Lincoln returns.

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O, O, O, O,

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Faith is bound for glory.

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Faith is bound for glory.

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Faith is bound for glory.

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Faith is bound for glory.

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Faith, faith, faith, faith.

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Faith, faith, faith, faith.

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Faith, faith, faith, faith.

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In 1862, Congress had passed the bill making possible a transcontinental railroad.

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This project of spanning brings us to the land of the cowboy.

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As early as 1856, the Rock Island lines built the first bridge across the mighty Mississippi, opening rail commerce to the west.

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Through the virgin prairie lands of the Sioux, the Kiowa, and Comanche, the railroad plotted its way westward.

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Countless thousands worked together to combine the greatness of the east and the west.

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As I was a-walkin' one morning, what made you right?

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By the compound you're all ridin' along.

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His hands were back in his furs were as deep as, and as he approached he was singin' his song.

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What's it high, I don't get along with no joke, you know that's why omelet will be a good home.

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The golden, the gilded, the white omelet.

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Unhappy, contented, and free.

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A-giddy-day, way out to the slope, hey.

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Oh, land of old, a-giddy-day.

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This is the day, this the hour, for which the nation has waited these long years.

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May the 10th, 1869, at Promontory Point, on the rim of the great Salt Lake.

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The war is past, peace is erecting her own victory.

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From Omaha, across the plains of Nebraska and Wyoming, Dodge and Pacement have molded the tracks of the Union Pacific.

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Meanwhile, the gentlemen from California, with their Chinese and Mexican workmen, have raced then with their Central Pacific toward this common meeting point.

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Now it is all but done.

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Praise him, our creator, dear below. Praise him, our holy, heavenly host. Praise Father, Son, and Holy Ghost.

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Amen.

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Governor Trittle of Nevada gives Governor Leland Stanford of California the silver mallet,

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with which he will drive the final spike made of Nevada gold that completes the rail link across the continent.

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It is done.

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Should all acquaintance be forgot and never brought to mind.

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Should all acquaintance be forgot and days of o'erland gone.

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Now there is a double line of iron rails all the way from the Atlantic to the Pacific.

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Well named this railroad, Union Pacific, wrought from human blood against terrific odds.

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It means indeed a union of East and West, which will not be split asunder.

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It is the heyday of the American farm.

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As the century draws to a close, the railroads of the Midwest become aware of the potentialities of the fertile lands they've been granted.

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Among those embarking on campaigns to attract the immigrants from Northwest Europe are the Milwaukee Road and the Burlington Line.

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These European immigrants came to furrow the plains of the Upper Mississippi Valley to till the lowlands that border the Red River into a bloom of prosperity.

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From the farms and villages of their rugged Northland, they have brought the colorful ways of their people.

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The American farmers welcome the newcomers who are gradually absorbed into the life of the community, the life of a growing America.

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The old European traditions yield to the young and vigorous spirit of this new environment.

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The great American melting pot is functioning.

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The American farmers, together with the immigrants, are destined to subdue the wilderness, to deal single-handed with the earth and the elements.

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They feel in a very real sense that they are laying the foundation of a great nation.

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The scene now moves to the Midwestern Northland, handsome in their vastness, impressive in their strength.

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These big wheels as they are known to the lumberjack brought logs from the timberlands to the rails of the Northern Pacific, the first of Northern transcontinental railroads.

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From this point, the sturdy Minnetonka carried the logs to sawmills.

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And on rails stretching ever farther forward, farmers, lumberjacks, immigrants, and leaders of American industry move in.

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This is James J. Hill, empire builder, creator of the Great Northern Railway System, a pioneer of lake and ocean transport.

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That is one of the Red River oxcots which started Jim Hill on his way to fame and fortune.

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J.J. Hill, dreamer, visionary, stern and practical, he came upon the American scene as a man of destiny.

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This is Chicago during the Gay 90s. It's been nearly 25 years since the Chicago fire.

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Mrs. O'Leary's cow is forgotten, and the horse is the hero of the era.

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The horse car is arriving. Sunday excursions behind Old Dobbin are all the rage.

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And there is the cable car. These people are also staying to see the fashion show later.

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Here come the pedal pushers.

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The style show is about to begin.

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Here comes the famous 999, the fastest locomotive in the world, faster than anything else on wheels.

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It is now the 20th century. These Chicagoans have arrived by horse-drawn tally-ho to take their first ride in a horseless carriage.

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The years have passed to the rhythm of chugging motors as American inventive genius is concentrated upon the automobile.

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The names of Felden, Durier, Apperson, Haynes, Olds, Buick and Ford are on everyone's tongue.

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Everyone that is except poor, gentle Dobbin, who still prefers sugar.

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Gas, electricity and steam are competing for supremacy as the propulsive power in the early automobile.

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From these small beginnings a new and giant industry indicative of a great nation's commercial progress is being born.

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Even in this day of the horseless carriage, Old Dobbin finds a job to do.

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It was inevitable that the automotive vehicle would come to the road of steel.

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Today the diesel electric, offspring of the motor car and the iron horse, surpasses the power of its parents as an agent of transport.

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It is 1934 and the diesel has graduated from freight to passenger service.

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Nowhere today, from ocean to ocean, nowhere is there a frontier.

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Nowhere today are there vast stretches of wasteland or wilderness.

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The challenge of the horizon has been accepted. Its promise has been fulfilled.

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Modern transport has reached across a hemisphere to weld this land into a mighty nation.

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For a full century, railroads have forged our destiny in war and in peace.

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They have spanned a continent and united a nation.

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The romance of transportation, the adventure of speed and progress is more than the history of America.

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It is the lifeblood of the nation.