WEBVTT 1 00:00:30.000 --> 00:00:32.200 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 2 00:00:36.100 --> 00:00:36.140 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 3 00:00:37.960 --> 00:00:39.360 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 4 00:00:41.280 --> 00:00:42.680 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 5 00:00:42.780 --> 00:00:44.180 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 6 00:00:45.200 --> 00:00:46.600 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 7 00:00:46.600 --> 00:00:47.100 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 8 00:00:48.120 --> 00:00:49.520 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 9 00:00:50.560 --> 00:00:51.960 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 10 00:00:51.960 --> 00:00:52.940 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 11 00:00:53.240 --> 00:00:53.800 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 12 00:00:53.800 --> 00:00:53.820 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 13 00:00:53.820 --> 00:00:53.820 14 00:00:53.820 --> 00:00:54.980 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 15 00:00:54.980 --> 00:00:57.680 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 16 00:01:01.020 --> 00:01:01.360 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 17 00:01:02.740 --> 00:01:04.140 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 18 00:01:06.140 --> 00:01:07.540 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 19 00:01:08.060 --> 00:01:09.460 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 20 00:01:10.400 --> 00:01:11.800 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 21 00:01:11.800 --> 00:01:12.440 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 22 00:01:12.440 --> 00:01:12.580 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 23 00:01:15.560 --> 00:01:17.040 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 24 00:01:17.040 --> 00:01:17.720 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 25 00:01:17.720 --> 00:01:18.940 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 26 00:01:18.940 --> 00:01:19.120 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 27 00:01:19.120 --> 00:01:19.120 28 00:01:19.120 --> 00:01:20.220 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 29 00:01:20.220 --> 00:01:22.380 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 30 00:01:25.700 --> 00:01:25.700 31 00:01:28.120 --> 00:01:29.520 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 32 00:01:31.700 --> 00:01:33.100 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 33 00:01:34.560 --> 00:01:35.960 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 34 00:01:35.960 --> 00:01:36.840 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 35 00:01:37.920 --> 00:01:39.320 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 36 00:01:39.320 --> 00:01:40.100 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 37 00:01:40.100 --> 00:01:41.480 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 38 00:01:41.480 --> 00:01:41.860 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 39 00:01:41.860 --> 00:01:41.860 40 00:01:41.860 --> 00:01:41.960 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 41 00:01:41.960 --> 00:01:42.520 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 42 00:01:43.760 --> 00:01:45.160 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 43 00:01:45.160 --> 00:01:46.000 I'm sorry, I'm sorry. 44 00:01:51.580 --> 00:01:53.480 ...wether Summit meetings have any value. 45 00:01:53.860 --> 00:01:55.440 Do you think it was an error to 46 00:01:55.440 --> 00:01:56.960 institute the thing in the first place? 47 00:01:57.560 --> 00:01:59.860 I am not in a position to give you 48 00:01:59.860 --> 00:02:01.480 an intelligent answer on that. 49 00:02:01.660 --> 00:02:03.340 Anything that will contribute 50 00:02:03.340 --> 00:02:05.880 to the peace of the world ought to be tried. 51 00:02:06.100 --> 00:02:07.760 It may turn out all right. 52 00:02:08.300 --> 00:02:09.880 I was thinking about past 53 00:02:09.880 --> 00:02:11.680 Summit meetings. Some of them have been all right. 54 00:02:11.680 --> 00:02:13.080 Some of them haven't. 55 00:02:13.080 --> 00:02:21.740 And it's a dangerous situation unless the United States government is in control of the situation, which I hope they will be this time. 56 00:02:22.760 --> 00:02:25.680 Do you think this effort ought to be abandoned now, apparently at all? 57 00:02:26.540 --> 00:02:36.060 Well, I can't answer that question because I don't have access to the Central Intelligence Agency and I can't tell you exactly what's going on in the world. 58 00:02:36.060 --> 00:02:44.140 I think every effort ought to be made to arrive at a peaceful settlement of things so we can end this Cold War and not be in danger of a hot one. 59 00:02:44.820 --> 00:02:46.520 That's the objective of the whole thing. 60 00:02:46.760 --> 00:02:50.460 What would you say was the Russians' intention in instituting a summit idea in the first place? 61 00:02:50.540 --> 00:02:54.560 I can't answer that. The only way you can answer that would be the way that it comes out from sea. 62 00:02:55.120 --> 00:03:04.200 Well, Mr. Truman, it's been quite frequently your movements in Korea and Mr. Eisenhower's movements in Lebanon have been compared. 63 00:03:04.200 --> 00:03:07.300 Do you find any grounds for comparison of the two situations? 64 00:03:07.620 --> 00:03:17.100 Well, if you'll remember, I immediately came out with a statement which was published in a great many of the papers of the country, 65 00:03:18.280 --> 00:03:22.540 setting out my position, which was to support the President of the United States. 66 00:03:22.540 --> 00:03:27.140 He's the only man in the country that can make foreign policy for the country and he ought to be supported. 67 00:03:27.520 --> 00:03:30.380 I never thought partisanship ought to go beyond the water's edge. 68 00:03:30.380 --> 00:03:34.220 When it comes to domestic affairs, that's a different thing. 69 00:03:35.140 --> 00:03:39.500 Before we leave Lebanon, do you see any graceful way for us to get out of there? 70 00:03:39.760 --> 00:03:48.540 I can't answer that question either for the simple reason that I do not have access to all the intelligence information that's necessary to make a decision on that. 71 00:03:48.700 --> 00:03:50.500 Nobody can make that decision but the President. 72 00:03:51.380 --> 00:03:57.660 Mr. Truman, do you feel that our moral right in being in Lebanon is somewhat damaged by recognizing Iraq? 73 00:03:57.660 --> 00:04:05.540 I don't answer that question for the simple reason that that's another one that the President can only decide on. 74 00:04:05.940 --> 00:04:11.160 And I don't believe in starting a political controversy on foreign affairs. I never have. 75 00:04:11.600 --> 00:04:13.300 Although it was done to me time and again. 76 00:04:14.300 --> 00:04:20.320 You've got a paper here in Chicago that tries to tell everybody what to do in foreign affairs and it never did come out right on. 77 00:04:20.820 --> 00:04:23.260 If you want me to name the Chicago Tribune, I'll do it. 78 00:04:26.760 --> 00:04:34.180 Mr. President, you don't feel that there's any loss of prestige at all in changing the conference from the Security Council over to the General Assembly? 79 00:04:34.380 --> 00:04:36.780 No, I think the General Assembly is a better place to have it. 80 00:04:37.040 --> 00:04:40.920 They can't veto it in the General Assembly and the majority can pass on things. 81 00:04:41.520 --> 00:04:42.940 Can't do that in the Security Council. 82 00:04:43.020 --> 00:04:47.940 Mr. President, do you think the Red Chinese had anything to do with influencing Russia to change their minds about this? 83 00:04:47.940 --> 00:04:52.540 Well now, the only way you can find out about that is to ask the Russians. I can't tell you. 84 00:04:54.420 --> 00:04:57.660 I can't answer that question. You'll have to wait and see what the result is. 85 00:04:58.360 --> 00:05:03.120 I'm not a political prophet, as you know. I take action in my hand. 86 00:05:03.820 --> 00:05:14.480 Mr. Truman, after the truce went into Lebanon, you made a statement published in several papers that we should be exceedingly careful not to leave any room for misunderstanding as to what we're prepared to do at all stages. 87 00:05:14.480 --> 00:05:18.620 Do you think the administration at all times knows exactly what its own policy is? 88 00:05:18.980 --> 00:05:24.020 Well now, that's a conclusion you can draw as well as I can and I don't like to make a public statement on it at this time. 89 00:05:26.600 --> 00:05:30.380 Do you think, sir, that the administration has misled the public at any time? 90 00:05:30.780 --> 00:05:41.160 Well, a little later on when the political situation gets a little hotter, I'll tell you about that. I'm not ready to make my political speech here today. I'm making no political speech here today. 91 00:05:41.240 --> 00:05:43.200 But that will be a factor in the political campaign? 92 00:05:43.200 --> 00:05:44.200 Undoubtedly it will. 93 00:05:45.240 --> 00:05:46.460 Will foreign affairs be such a factor? 94 00:05:46.720 --> 00:05:55.740 No, it should not be. You'll never see me bring foreign affairs into a political campaign. It will be devoted strictly to domestic affairs as far as I'm concerned. 95 00:05:55.960 --> 00:05:58.860 What domestic affairs do you think will be considered in a political campaign? 96 00:05:58.860 --> 00:06:05.820 Well, I've got five speeches that I expect to make on that subject. Now I'll send you a copy of each one of them as it comes off the press. 97 00:06:05.820 --> 00:06:13.240 Mr. Tillman, do you feel that the practical reelection of Governor Faubus will set back the Democratic Democratic Party's... 98 00:06:13.240 --> 00:06:17.300 I sincerely hope it has not. I sincerely hope that it has not. 99 00:06:17.640 --> 00:06:18.840 You feel that it perhaps has. 100 00:06:19.040 --> 00:06:22.920 I'm not in sympathy with Governor Faubus and never have been in his policy. 101 00:06:24.440 --> 00:06:26.460 Do you think that's heard us around the world, Mr. President? 102 00:06:26.500 --> 00:06:28.380 It can very well heard us around the world. 103 00:06:28.380 --> 00:06:37.580 For your information, I'm told that there are about 2 billion 300 million people in the world and about 65 or 70 percent of them are people of color. 104 00:06:38.500 --> 00:06:39.800 Red, black and white. 105 00:06:40.900 --> 00:06:50.360 And I don't think that 60 percent of the... between 60 and 70 percent of the people in the world of that 2 billion 300 million are people of color. 106 00:06:50.360 --> 00:06:59.660 And of course they are very much put out when we display a situation as has been displayed in Arkansas. 107 00:07:00.320 --> 00:07:04.560 Do you think that the Democratic Convention will take a stand on a strong civil rights plank? 108 00:07:04.640 --> 00:07:09.620 They always have. You read the civil rights plank that I wrote for the last convention. It's a good one. 109 00:07:09.840 --> 00:07:12.640 Yes, sir. But do you think the South will walk out again as they did in 48? 110 00:07:12.920 --> 00:07:16.020 Did they have any effect on the result by walking out in 48? 111 00:07:19.620 --> 00:07:20.680 That's the best answer for it. 112 00:07:20.780 --> 00:07:22.420 Do you think it would help with the South Civil Rights plank? 113 00:07:22.540 --> 00:07:27.480 No, I don't like to see that. I like to have all the votes I can possibly get in the Democratic year. 114 00:07:28.040 --> 00:07:30.720 And we'll get all the votes as possible as necessary. 115 00:07:31.040 --> 00:07:32.440 Do you consider this a Democratic year? 116 00:07:32.680 --> 00:07:33.080 Yes. 117 00:07:34.420 --> 00:07:36.500 Sir, can we go back to Arkansas again for a minute? 118 00:07:36.940 --> 00:07:49.080 And there are some second guesses now as to what happened and pointed out that more than 73 percent of the voters who voted in greater numbers in the primary in Arkansas than they ever did before, selected Mr. Faubus. He didn't select himself. 119 00:07:49.240 --> 00:07:54.600 So here's an exercise of the voters' privilege, Democratic voters' privilege. Who is responsible here, Mr. Faubus or the voters? 120 00:07:55.120 --> 00:08:01.800 Well, Mr. Faubus had to be the leader in a situation of that kind. You couldn't just go out and elect nobody. 121 00:08:01.800 --> 00:08:06.640 You had to have somebody to lead the proposition. But I think he's wrong, as I told you a while ago. 122 00:08:08.360 --> 00:08:09.580 Are these voters wrong as well? 123 00:08:10.140 --> 00:08:14.640 Of course they are. They're not educated to the point where the situation will finally develop. 124 00:08:15.700 --> 00:08:25.600 You'll find that most people, when they know the facts, have an idea of what's right and wrong. And it'll eventually work itself out. It has to because that's what the Constitution provides. 125 00:08:25.980 --> 00:08:30.760 Would you say, Mr. President, that it was the Democratic machine that elected Faubus in Arkansas? 126 00:08:30.760 --> 00:08:37.240 No, I think it was a wave of sentiment that went over kind of a hysterical situation. And it's too bad. 127 00:08:38.300 --> 00:08:42.800 We are governed by hysterics. We had a sample of that up here in Wisconsin not long ago. 128 00:08:45.440 --> 00:08:52.480 I'm very much against overconfidence. I think that when a man is running for office, he ought to run scared all the time. 129 00:08:54.180 --> 00:09:01.460 Do you have any comment on the race in New York State for the Democratic nomination for Senator, as to Farley or Fenlender? 130 00:09:01.980 --> 00:09:07.580 I have no comment to make on the operations of a primary in another state. That's the business of that state. 131 00:09:07.820 --> 00:09:10.880 I'll take care of the Missouri primaries and the other states can take care of theirs. 132 00:09:11.420 --> 00:09:17.120 Mr. President, what do you see as the big guns in the 1960 presidential campaign? 133 00:09:17.120 --> 00:09:22.580 After the election in November of this year, then I'll begin to talk to you about 1960, but not now. 134 00:09:22.800 --> 00:09:25.020 How many men are there right now that you figure have a good chance? 135 00:09:25.040 --> 00:09:26.040 Plenty of them. 136 00:09:26.860 --> 00:09:28.840 Do you consider Adlai Stevenson as a candidate? 137 00:09:28.960 --> 00:09:37.220 If he wants to be, of course he can. It's up to him. It's up to him. That's up to him. I'm not nominating anybody in 1960. 138 00:09:38.160 --> 00:09:40.660 Are you going to choose someone as you did in 19... 139 00:09:40.660 --> 00:09:43.000 Well, now you'd better wait until convention begins. 140 00:09:45.500 --> 00:09:49.220 Mr. Truman, are there any circumstances in which you might consider running again? 141 00:09:49.780 --> 00:09:55.560 Could a 76-year-old you think stand the terrific pressure that's on a man now, under world conditions? 142 00:09:56.280 --> 00:09:57.620 That's the best answer I know of. 143 00:09:57.620 --> 00:09:59.140 Well, that's about the citizens who are in that country. 144 00:09:59.580 --> 00:10:07.740 I'll be 76 in 1960, and of course I'm in pretty good shape, but I have no ambitions to be President of the United States again. 145 00:10:08.480 --> 00:10:10.620 It's the biggest and the hardest job in the history of the world. 146 00:10:10.980 --> 00:10:11.920 Mr. President? 147 00:10:11.920 --> 00:10:18.680 Yes, I think the Senate's the nicest job there is in the country. I liked it very much. I was there for ten years. 148 00:10:19.200 --> 00:10:20.640 Did you consider running for the Senate again? 149 00:10:21.460 --> 00:10:29.780 I have been asked that question time and again. We have two excellent Democratic senators from Missouri, and I have no desire to see either one of them unseated. 150 00:10:32.500 --> 00:10:37.080 I'm not on the court, and I can't make decisions for the Court of Appeals. That's their business. 151 00:10:37.080 --> 00:10:43.200 Do you have an opinion, sir, as to how this Arkansas situation has delayed integration? 152 00:10:44.060 --> 00:10:50.040 No, I haven't. I'm hoping that it has not, because eventually it's going to have to be done. 153 00:10:50.180 --> 00:10:54.780 It might as well be done in a straightforward, common-sense manner, as it eventually will be done. 154 00:10:56.200 --> 00:11:04.560 I'm not personally acquainted with Mr. Nasser. I can't give you a personal opinion on him, but I think for the welfare of the world it would be a good thing to talk to him. He's in charge of Egypt. 155 00:11:04.960 --> 00:11:10.160 Do you think our move then to send Mr. Murphy to see him was a good one? 156 00:11:10.760 --> 00:11:17.580 Yes, yes I do. Murphy's a very able man. I know him very well. He's done a lot of things for me when I was president. He's a very able man. 157 00:11:17.840 --> 00:11:20.520 Mr. Chairman, can you give us your personal opinion of Mr. Bell? 158 00:11:21.720 --> 00:11:24.460 Why do you want me to do that outside of a political platform? 159 00:11:24.460 --> 00:11:35.840 I think you've got the opinion, all the opinions that are necessary. I'm not making any personal remarks about any of these people until the campaign really starts. 160 00:11:36.000 --> 00:11:42.800 And I'll tell you what I think of them and what I think they've done that they should not have done, but I'm not going to do it here today. I came here for another purpose. 161 00:11:43.140 --> 00:11:46.840 Do you have any plans about making a trip to perhaps Russia with Mr. Stevenson? 162 00:11:47.480 --> 00:11:47.880 No. 163 00:11:48.980 --> 00:11:50.500 Do you have no wish to talk to Mr. Truman? 164 00:11:51.040 --> 00:11:51.440 No. 165 00:11:52.320 --> 00:11:53.880 Mr. Truman, uh... 166 00:11:53.880 --> 00:11:58.700 What reason would it be for me to talk to him? Just a retired farmer in Missouri wouldn't have any influence on him. 167 00:11:59.040 --> 00:12:05.040 Mr. Truman, you've said that there will be no partisan issue made out of foreign policy or you'd like to see none made out of it. 168 00:12:05.480 --> 00:12:11.860 If you go into the election year completely dissatisfied with the foreign policy of the United States, would you not then feel inclined possibly to... 169 00:12:11.860 --> 00:12:15.520 Well, now you're asking me a hypothetical question. It'll take care of... 170 00:12:22.800 --> 00:12:25.480 Ambassador in Moscow may have one here. 171 00:12:25.940 --> 00:12:28.820 In negotiation is the function of ambassadors. 172 00:12:29.420 --> 00:12:35.060 If they do not like these regular channels of diplomacy, they can go to the United Nations and make proposals. 173 00:12:35.540 --> 00:12:40.520 What we need is not propaganda meeting, but a change in Russian policy. 174 00:12:40.840 --> 00:12:45.760 And if there is no such change, the so-called summit meeting will get nowhere anyhow. 175 00:12:46.400 --> 00:12:50.380 But a change in Russian policy is not what we are likely to get. 176 00:12:50.380 --> 00:12:51.460 Howdy, bro. 177 00:12:55.500 --> 00:13:04.200 We cannot take much satisfaction in our current superiority because the Soviets are closing the gap more rapidly than we thought was possible. 178 00:13:04.920 --> 00:13:11.420 The Russians do not use much of their steel for automobiles or refrigerators or washing machines as we do. 179 00:13:11.880 --> 00:13:18.000 The bulk of their steel production goes into armaments and machinery and heavy equipment for war purposes. 180 00:13:18.000 --> 00:13:23.240 I wonder just what a warmonger is in this day and age. 181 00:13:29.240 --> 00:13:33.480 For make no mistake, this is a challenge we must meet. 182 00:13:34.020 --> 00:13:41.020 Not only in the field of nuclear arms and rockets, but in the whole sphere of economic political influence around the world. 183 00:13:41.020 --> 00:13:51.180 There are those who say that we need not meet the challenge, that the Russians only want us to unbalance our budget and drive us into bankruptcy. 184 00:13:51.620 --> 00:13:57.180 And the way to outwit them is to keep our budget balance and to go along just as usual. 185 00:13:57.680 --> 00:13:59.780 This is just plain nonsense. 186 00:14:00.480 --> 00:14:07.020 I firmly believe that we can meet the Russian threat and keep our lead without destroying our free institutions, 187 00:14:07.160 --> 00:14:12.180 provided we understand our own economy and know how to make it work. 188 00:14:12.900 --> 00:14:17.100 To meet the Russian challenge, we must have a steadily expanding economy. 189 00:14:17.700 --> 00:14:20.060 We must have a full employment economy. 190 00:14:20.680 --> 00:14:28.800 It must keep growing if it is to stay free and at the same time give us the margin we need for national defense without going bankrupt. 191 00:14:29.380 --> 00:14:33.600 If the economy stops growing, our fails to grow as fast as it should, 192 00:14:33.600 --> 00:14:40.620 not only do we pile up troubles here at home, but we will also lose our predominant position in the world. 193 00:14:41.520 --> 00:14:44.720 We need to get our whole economic system back on the track. 194 00:14:45.340 --> 00:14:51.380 We can't expect to have a continually expanding economy if we strangle it with high interest rates. 195 00:14:51.980 --> 00:14:58.720 Consumer income and consumer spending must rise as they did in the 40s and early 50s. 196 00:14:58.720 --> 00:15:02.600 If they rise, production will rise and our yearly growth will be resumed. 197 00:15:02.620 --> 00:15:10.820 Out of that growth, we can finance our defense and the investment needs of our economy and the needs of the free world for capital. 198 00:15:11.280 --> 00:15:21.240 And into that growth, we can absorb the raw materials and the manufactured products of other countries that must sell to us if they and we are to be free. 199 00:15:21.920 --> 00:15:29.620 The answer to the Russian threat is that we can meet it and keep our free economy if we handle our economic affairs properly. 200 00:15:29.880 --> 00:15:36.120 If we return to the concepts of an expanding economy and full employment. 201 00:15:51.640 --> 00:15:58.540 We are asked now to believe that a so-called summit conference will change all this. 202 00:15:58.540 --> 00:16:04.520 If the Russian leaders can only talk with our leaders, they say, peace and quiet can be restored. 203 00:16:05.300 --> 00:16:12.420 But if the Russians really want to relax tensions, they can do it without fanfare or propaganda. 204 00:16:13.100 --> 00:16:17.900 They can agree to any one of a series of proposals for the inspection and control of arms. 205 00:16:18.540 --> 00:16:22.280 They can stop stirring up people in Asia and Africa and South America. 206 00:16:22.780 --> 00:16:27.080 They can drop their policy of attempting to intimidate our friends and allies. 207 00:16:27.080 --> 00:16:36.340 We have a world power in existence today which is opposed to our own system of freedom. 208 00:16:37.320 --> 00:16:41.080 We are watching that world power grow stronger and stronger as the years pass. 209 00:16:42.360 --> 00:16:50.280 There is a real possibility that unless we take bold action, that world power may become stronger than we are. 210 00:16:50.280 --> 00:16:58.280 If that should come to pass, we might lose our freedom and we might lose it not suddenly in a great war, 211 00:16:58.820 --> 00:17:04.440 but slowly by degrees over a long time without a shot being fired.