WEBVTT

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You

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The

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Standard steel shipping drum has served industry well in motion as a carrier and

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Standing still as a storage container or dispenser the familiar 55 gallon 18 gauge steel drum has performed

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Successfully for many years it is so close to being good enough that it has defied basic change

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yet for years

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Industry has been asking for something better a container that would do the job as well yet cost less and way less

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for many applications the standard steel drum seems to be a classic example of

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over packaging

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This is contrary to nature and sound economics

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Industrial design often takes its basic principles from nature

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Discovering first that form follows function

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We see this in the hive of the honeybee where lightness matches strength

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the long slender bamboo stem the shell of the chambered nautilus

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Secondly a basic law of nature is to get the most for the least

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That is the greatest strength and function proceeding from the economy of matter and structure

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This concept of the most for the least is equally basic to industry in nature

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changing environment and the struggle for survival

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modify form

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in industry changing demands and methods

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Competition and the ever-present profit squeeze have applied increasing pressure for a shipping container

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That will do the work of an ordinary steel drum

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Yet conform to the rule of the most for the least by combining balanced strength with lower cost and weight

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in response to this need a

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truly new steel shipping container has been developed a

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product of inland van leer research

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practical

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fully tested

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low cost and lightweight

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This is the new inland monostress drum the result of more than five years of basic research

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development and worldwide testing

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The successful effort to develop this drum began in 1959

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When two of the world's largest producers of steel containers

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inland steel container company in the United States and the van leer group of companies in Europe

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initiated a joint program of research and development

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Directed toward new and improved industrial packaging as

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part of this ongoing program the Passfield research laboratory at Passfield England was established to study industrial packaging

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requirements and to conduct basic research and experimental work using the latest in scientific methods and equipment

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in addition at Delft the Netherlands

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The Delft Gouw development center was organized and equipped to undertake a continuing program of

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prototype development and testing of new designs for industrial shipping containers

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The initial project was to develop a high-strength low-cost

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lightweight steel drum

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conventional methods and designs were put aside

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Unique structures were designed and made into full-scale prototypes some with odd-looking results

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the first prototype was sufficient promise to merit extensive testing was the r24 a

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24 gauge drum with 22 gauge ends with a variety of special reinforcing features

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1000 drums

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500 conventional 18 gauge control drums and 500 experimental r24 models were filled with water and

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shipped to five worldwide destinations

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Chicago France Morocco

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Trinidad and South Africa

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the routes chosen

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Involved the greatest variety of handling and transportation conditions

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The results of this extensive field test were extremely discouraging

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Failure often occurred adjacent to the chime weld end reinforcing cups did not improve performance

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Leaks occurred when body deformations resulted in sharp cross folding of the steel

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stress concentrations resulting from the forming process induced failure

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Rigid body reinforcements contributed to metal fracture when drum bodies were abused or deformed

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Sharp chimes were inherently weak and often damaged adjacent drums during handling and shipment a

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whole new series of drum types were then designed and constructed and

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To provide a basis for realistic laboratory evaluation

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testing equipment

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Designed to duplicate actual conditions and hazards encountered in the field was built and installed at the Delph Gal laboratory

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Comparative tests on these six prototypes

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Clearly demonstrated the superiority of reinforced chimes and multiple body beads formed from the parent metal

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Five new drum types were constructed each with identical chimes from 24 gauge steel

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They possessed widely different sidewall configurations

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These designs were subjected to full testing programs

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There were failures but this time one prototype

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constructed with a continuous series of

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scientifically proportioned circumferential beads

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Performed well in all tests this drum became the forerunner of the final monostress design

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Extended testing however clearly indicated that a special method of manufacture would have to be devised

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To form the multiple beads while at the same time

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Conserving the inherent ductility of the 24 gauge steel

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Conventional forming techniques used to create ordinary corrugations

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Weaken the steel by consecutive rolling and rerolling stretching the steel and causing critical loss of elasticity

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Unlike corrugating the proprietary monostress process forms expanded beads with virtually no axial stress

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The drum body is actually allowed to shorten during the forming process

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Minimizing stress and avoiding extensive work hardening of the steel

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The drum body is stressed in one direction only thus the name

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monostress

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the result a

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drum sidewall with more uniform metal thickness and a

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Resultant spring like resilience and strength balance that imparts high performance characteristics to the light gauge steel

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Finally to ensure consistent application of the important monostress principle in actual production

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Monostress drums are manufactured on inland designed high-speed forming machines that were engineered and built

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Specially to produce this drum the only equipment of its kind in existence today

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In its final form the inland monostress drum truly offers the most for the least

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By combining light gauge steel the unique sidewall configuration and special construction features to achieve

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balanced strength

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Chimes are strengthened with the addition of a specially engineered 18 gauge chime

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Reinforcement which unlike a conventional chime band is an integral part of the double seam

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the result a

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safe strong chime

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Eight layers of metal without a weld providing extra strength where it is needed most

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Conventional closures are reinforced at the critical area where the flange is seen to the drum head with heavy steel tag rings

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That provide extra strength for consistent performance

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The drums can be lined for added protection of high purity or corrosive products like all inland drums

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Monostress drums can be painted with your corporate colors or lithographed with your corporate design or individual products identification

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To confirm the remarkable performance characteristics of the final design

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Monostress drums were exhaustively tested at the Delft Gouw laboratory on

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testing facilities designed to duplicate the most abusive shipping and handling conditions

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Monostress drums consistently demonstrated their ability to meet rigorous performance requirements

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For all tests the drums were filled with water

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Monostress drums were rolled over concrete slabs and after one mile of travel were carefully examined

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Axial compression was applied to simulate stacking

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Indicating that as many as 12 fill drums can be stacked vertically

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Radio compression tests demonstrated that eight layers of fill drums can be stacked horizontally with slight deformation

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Internal overpressure tests were conducted to the point of failure

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Evacuation tests confirmed the integrity of the monostress design

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pressure changes as a result of temperature variations were studied

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Vibration tests on a shake table moving at 180 strokes per minute simulated truck and rail transport conditions

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Axial and radial shocks were repeated for thousands of cycles without failure and

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In the crucial drop tests the same monostress drum was dropped from a four foot height in five different positions

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Dramatically demonstrating the drums ability to absorb abuse without failure

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First introduced in Europe more than

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150,000 van leer produced monostress drums have been used by major companies in France

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Germany

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Holland and

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England

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continually confirming the drums impressive performance characteristics in

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successfully carrying liquid products under a wide variety of shipping and handling conditions

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Already an award winner the inland van leer monostress drum has won the

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1964 euro star

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packaging Oscar of the European packaging Federation

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Combining scientific design with practical performance the inland monostress drum merits serious consideration for your

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packaging program a

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proven development

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monostress drums meet conventional 18 gauge steel drum performance requirements

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they are significantly lower in price when compared to ordinary heavy gauge drums and

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At 30 pounds are truly lightweight containers

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easy to handle cheaper to ship

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thoroughly researched

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exhaustively tested and now

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commercially available the inland monostress drum offers important opportunities for lower cost more efficient industrial packaging

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Monostress a new concept in the world of packaging from inland steel container company