WEBVTT 1 00:00:05.040 --> 00:00:06.440 You 2 00:00:40.600 --> 00:00:41.080 You 3 00:00:41.080 --> 00:00:46.300 It was a great place for a meeting and this was going to be the greatest meeting of its kind 4 00:00:46.300 --> 00:00:50.500 Since the beginning of Christendom, I was having trouble getting my credentials 5 00:00:51.000 --> 00:00:56.360 Wasn't that they were secretive exactly but I think they didn't understand that the press was going to be interested 6 00:00:57.140 --> 00:01:02.200 Wasn't charged must have thought this wasn't yet a matter for the outside world 7 00:01:02.200 --> 00:01:05.760 What does they say in Rome all things are possible? 8 00:01:06.440 --> 00:01:08.420 Did in fact get in? 9 00:01:08.620 --> 00:01:12.880 Hope John has told us how the idea of the council came to him 10 00:01:12.880 --> 00:01:19.660 He was meeting in his fourth floor office in the Vatican Palace with Dominico Cardinal Tardini 11 00:01:19.660 --> 00:01:21.320 Vatican Secretary of State 12 00:01:21.320 --> 00:01:29.560 It was 1959 and they were well into a daily briefing on the problems and prospects of Christianity in a world in transition 13 00:01:29.560 --> 00:01:33.420 the problems of the church in the emerging nations of Africa and Asia 14 00:01:33.420 --> 00:01:39.120 the problems of overcrowding and poverty in the cities of Latin America the challenge of science and 15 00:01:39.860 --> 00:01:43.760 materialism of the Western nations the Gaul had just come into power in France and 16 00:01:44.320 --> 00:01:48.680 Castro in Cuba and in Russia, they'd just shot a rocket around the moon 17 00:01:48.680 --> 00:01:55.960 It's a time of progress and at the same time a time of distress a time of moral confusion a time in need of Christ 18 00:01:55.960 --> 00:02:04.020 What to do about it? Hope John surely saw us as having to move away from the limited horizons of the past a council a council 19 00:02:04.020 --> 00:02:08.240 Hope John said he said it was out of obedience to an inspiration 20 00:02:08.240 --> 00:02:12.100 Felt in the humility of our heart as a sudden direct touch a council 21 00:02:12.100 --> 00:02:18.420 He said and he reported that Cardinal Tardini's reaction was immediate and exalted CC1 conchillo 22 00:02:18.680 --> 00:02:20.760 Later it was said that he was 23 00:02:21.540 --> 00:02:23.580 Restrained but nevertheless positive 24 00:02:23.580 --> 00:02:30.740 But it's been reported that Cardinal Tardini in fact thought the whole thing would blow over 25 00:02:30.740 --> 00:02:37.400 Up to this time Pope John had been thought of as a gentle old man a papadi passaggio an interim Pope 26 00:02:37.400 --> 00:02:42.400 Well-meaning but rather elderly and the church is after all a kind of giant corporation 27 00:02:43.100 --> 00:02:46.240 And the Roman Curia is kind of a corner office outfit 28 00:02:46.240 --> 00:02:49.820 Conservative and they were not about to rock the bark of Peter 29 00:02:56.940 --> 00:03:02.080 But as Catholics know when they're standing every Sunday when they've been sitting and singing when they've been dozing 30 00:03:03.080 --> 00:03:04.980 Hope John didn't forget 31 00:03:19.820 --> 00:03:20.460 Oh 32 00:03:31.820 --> 00:03:34.020 It came from all over the world 33 00:03:34.020 --> 00:03:38.840 2400 of them from Latin America in the Far East from Africa in the US 34 00:03:39.520 --> 00:03:46.220 From rich diocese and thread from the ancient Christian centers and from lands just emerging from mission status 35 00:03:46.800 --> 00:03:52.480 Places where the church is predominantly Catholic and from places where Christianity is in jeopardy 36 00:03:53.200 --> 00:03:59.380 Hope John had called him together for what he called an as yarn a mintho bringing up to date a fresh look at the church 37 00:03:59.380 --> 00:04:04.280 A new day a time of renewal a new and ecumenical church opening to the modern world 38 00:04:11.740 --> 00:04:17.680 This is Tatsu of Peter Cardinal doi Archbishop of Tokyo 39 00:04:17.680 --> 00:04:20.340 Lorient Cardinal of Gomba 40 00:04:20.340 --> 00:04:28.540 From the African nation of Tanzania from England Archbishop Thomas Roberts former Archbishop of Bombay 41 00:04:28.540 --> 00:04:31.440 Bishop Joseph Keevanuka of Uganda 42 00:04:32.900 --> 00:04:34.380 Albert Cardinal Moulton of the United States of America 43 00:04:34.380 --> 00:04:36.040 Cardinal Meyer of Chicago 44 00:04:38.460 --> 00:04:45.220 Your Cardinal Meyer is coming out of the Chicago house in Rome a Santa Maria de lago. I was glad to get this drawing of Cardinal Meyer 45 00:04:47.540 --> 00:04:51.820 The fact is Cardinal Spelman has always been the spokesman for the American Catholic Church 46 00:04:52.800 --> 00:04:56.680 After all, he lives a block away from the time-line building CBS and NBC 47 00:04:57.620 --> 00:05:03.120 So I was glad to get this drawing of a mainland Cardinal into my series. I 48 00:05:03.120 --> 00:05:08.320 Didn't draw the whole picture at once I drew the building and waited for the Cardinal and then drew him in milkman was going 49 00:05:08.320 --> 00:05:11.680 By I drew in the milkman. It's about seven in the morning 50 00:05:11.680 --> 00:05:14.880 early for an artist but not too early for cardinals and bishops 51 00:05:18.680 --> 00:05:24.160 The Vatican sends Cadillacs for the Cardinals, but the bishops go to the council and buses 52 00:05:27.500 --> 00:05:29.620 And the knock she out to see a busload of fish 53 00:05:36.360 --> 00:05:39.280 Vatican Council to the 21st 54 00:05:39.280 --> 00:05:47.560 Ecumenical Council the first Roman Catholic Council since 1870 open on October 11th of 1962 55 00:05:47.560 --> 00:05:53.660 John comes through the port to Brownsville and the people in the square are waiting their handkerchiefs in the shouts of the people 56 00:05:59.580 --> 00:06:03.100 There were maybe 400 photographers there I joined the council and they were all gathered in the council 57 00:06:03.100 --> 00:06:05.240 And I saw a few of them hanging from the rooftops 58 00:06:11.020 --> 00:06:16.420 That night there was another giant procession to salute Pope John as I was working on this the 59 00:06:17.340 --> 00:06:22.700 Fountains sprayed water over the painting the fountain pitted these columns for me 60 00:06:23.320 --> 00:06:26.460 Ron say Peters they call this kind of thing the work of the Holy Spirit 61 00:06:26.460 --> 00:06:31.200 I'm not sure about that, but I think it was providential a kind of thing an artist hopes for 62 00:06:37.560 --> 00:06:38.180 The 63 00:06:38.180 --> 00:06:40.380 Council open each day with mass 64 00:06:40.380 --> 00:06:46.140 Bishops in their meeting place a well-carpentered set of bleachers along both sides of the main aisle 65 00:06:46.140 --> 00:06:51.720 This mass was celebrated by Bishop Neil Farron of Derry, Ireland 66 00:06:51.720 --> 00:06:56.540 John had astounded some folks by inviting those he called the separated brethren the 67 00:06:57.300 --> 00:07:00.960 Protestants and members of the Orthodox Church is including two Russians 68 00:07:00.960 --> 00:07:05.820 They sit next to the statue of st. Peter during the council sessions 69 00:07:12.760 --> 00:07:13.440 a 70 00:07:13.440 --> 00:07:16.440 drawing of observers at breakfast and another of Archimandre 71 00:07:16.980 --> 00:07:23.220 Karekeen Sarcissian of Lebanon interviewed by the Italian press also that evening I saw a 72 00:07:23.220 --> 00:07:25.960 Middle-eastern observer looking out over the rooftops of Rome 73 00:07:26.280 --> 00:07:31.220 He seemed pleased to be in Rome and I was pleased to be there so I sat down and made a drawing 74 00:07:33.120 --> 00:07:40.240 Up over the council when it met were the Pariti these are the guys who know about the church the theologians and the liturgists 75 00:07:40.780 --> 00:07:42.520 they're up among the angels and 76 00:07:43.180 --> 00:07:49.580 When a bishop needs some advice he called for these guys to come down and straighten them out 77 00:07:52.200 --> 00:07:55.920 When the votes were totaled they were told by computers 78 00:07:56.280 --> 00:08:01.540 It kind of fractured me to see this computer room smack in the middle of st. Peter's 79 00:08:01.540 --> 00:08:07.020 It's boxed in Pope Gregory the 16th who was ironically one of the more conservative folks 80 00:08:07.020 --> 00:08:10.120 I think he was against the railroad coming into Vatican City 81 00:08:14.820 --> 00:08:21.520 And the coffee bars Pope John had two coffee bars installed in st. Peter's one was nicknamed bar Jonah 82 00:08:21.520 --> 00:08:28.200 And this one was called bar mitzvah one bishop told me the council speeches are all in a language 83 00:08:28.200 --> 00:08:30.500 Most of us don't understand 84 00:08:30.500 --> 00:08:32.500 Latin and 85 00:08:32.500 --> 00:08:35.260 We're going to see them printed the next day in our own language 86 00:08:35.260 --> 00:08:38.360 So the minute the speeches starts he hits with a coffee bar 87 00:08:38.880 --> 00:08:43.980 Pope John gave us a chance to meet with 2,400 other bishops from all over the world 88 00:08:43.980 --> 00:08:49.660 And we should take that chance and besides that he likes that good Italian coffee in the morning 89 00:08:49.660 --> 00:08:59.020 So you ask yourself here they are 2400 of them what in the world are they talking about especially in Tokyo for you find 90 00:09:02.840 --> 00:09:09.960 They've been Christians in Japan since the 1500s, but those that interested me were in and around Tokyo 91 00:09:09.960 --> 00:09:13.680 Japanese intellectuals who came out of World War two 92 00:09:13.680 --> 00:09:20.280 Searching for some hope for the future here Cardinal Doi Archbishop of Tokyo officiates at a confirmation ceremony 93 00:09:21.180 --> 00:09:28.760 Japanese tend to be confirmed at a later age than most Americans Father John Suzuki is founder of a boys town in Kobe 94 00:09:28.760 --> 00:09:38.580 Also directs the Catholic Church's emigration program since World War two many Japanese have become good citizens of such countries as Colombia and South America 95 00:09:38.580 --> 00:09:43.000 and the Japanese government was in favor of this immigration policy as 96 00:09:43.120 --> 00:09:47.720 Part of a program to relieve population pressure, but in the recent years 97 00:09:47.720 --> 00:09:53.480 They have taken the steam out of this and other population controls particularly legalized abortion 98 00:09:53.480 --> 00:09:59.320 Japan is finding that they now have not enough young people to man the factories of the new economic mirror 99 00:09:59.320 --> 00:10:03.600 When we're talking about populations in the far east we see 100 00:10:03.600 --> 00:10:08.280 Photographs of hordes of people all standing in some big square their heads going on forever 101 00:10:08.280 --> 00:10:15.520 This crowd is made up of families I made this drawing of a Japanese family and a family in India 102 00:10:16.160 --> 00:10:18.160 and one in Thailand and 103 00:10:19.780 --> 00:10:21.540 one in Hong Kong 104 00:10:21.540 --> 00:10:28.960 Three young Catholic lawyers at Tokyo University students of the eminent Catholic lawyer and diplomat judge Kotaro Tanaka 105 00:10:29.760 --> 00:10:32.140 Dr. Paul Manji Ishimura 106 00:10:32.140 --> 00:10:34.280 President of the SAHI Broadcasting Corporation 107 00:10:35.490 --> 00:10:39.070 Directed the Japanese propaganda ministry during World War two 108 00:10:40.530 --> 00:10:48.070 Silenced by the US after the war he began reading 10 Thomas Aquinas and since then has written 30 books 109 00:10:48.070 --> 00:10:54.710 What do they say I asked him the fundamental principle of democracy is the dignity of the human person 110 00:10:55.910 --> 00:11:03.330 Without Christianity no one can prove that we have such dignity which is next to God's but above anything else in the universe 111 00:11:03.330 --> 00:11:10.390 After the war democracy was presented to us by the United States as a he said as a bunch of flowers 112 00:11:10.390 --> 00:11:14.010 But without root what root shall we give to that bouquet? 113 00:11:14.550 --> 00:11:17.630 This is the major question of this century for our people 114 00:11:17.630 --> 00:11:23.090 Well, I had drawn in the flowers and I drew in the new Japan rising up behind it 115 00:11:27.550 --> 00:11:30.390 In both Calcutta and Bombay 116 00:11:44.330 --> 00:11:45.490 There are 117 00:11:45.490 --> 00:11:50.530 Three million Catholics in India Thomas the Apostle brought the good news in the year 52 118 00:11:50.530 --> 00:11:54.190 He founded a church and then the Portuguese came 119 00:11:54.190 --> 00:11:58.830 1,400 years later and said no you're not doing it right so there have grown up in India 120 00:11:59.800 --> 00:12:07.380 Major Catholic rights both under Rome. This is the Latin right Cathedral of st. Francis of Assisi 121 00:12:07.380 --> 00:12:14.520 In the Syrian right Cathedral of st. Mary's there are very few pews in Indian churches 122 00:12:14.520 --> 00:12:17.140 Indians prefer to kneel on the floor 123 00:12:22.100 --> 00:12:24.460 One problem of working in India 124 00:12:24.460 --> 00:12:29.080 There are a lot of people around who have no pressing business somewhere else and as I made this drawing 125 00:12:29.080 --> 00:12:33.680 I found myself making it down a long tunnel of people one of them was this little boy 126 00:12:33.680 --> 00:12:40.060 You are a Fatima medal a medal from far away Portugal. So I drew in the medal and drew the little boy around it 127 00:12:41.520 --> 00:12:45.260 He's a member of the Latin right Church and so is judge Anna Chandi 128 00:12:46.140 --> 00:12:48.580 Said to be the only woman high court judge in the world 129 00:12:49.500 --> 00:12:52.580 Mr. MF Pinto was a Bombay labor leader and 130 00:12:53.340 --> 00:12:58.360 Dr. Aloysius Suarez is a newspaper editor the editor of the Gowan Tribune 131 00:12:58.360 --> 00:13:01.980 He was part of the movement that chased the Portuguese off Indian soil 132 00:13:02.660 --> 00:13:10.540 Dr. B. S. Gilani a convert to Christianity from Islam says that the papal encyclicals on social justice drew him into the church 133 00:13:10.540 --> 00:13:17.060 He was in jail with Nehru and Gandhi against the British all the way later an Indian delegate to the United Nations 134 00:13:17.060 --> 00:13:20.740 But he broke with his government over Christian Mennon's policies 135 00:13:20.740 --> 00:13:31.880 Policies which he saw as communist inspired he taught for a while at John Carroll University in Cleveland 136 00:13:34.620 --> 00:13:40.540 Leo Rodericks and his family his wife two daughters and their children in their bungalow on the outskirts of Bombay 137 00:13:41.120 --> 00:13:45.700 His family interested me for in many ways they speak the history of Christian India 138 00:13:46.460 --> 00:13:51.420 Rodriguez his name is spelled Rodriguez. We would say Rodriguez clearly a 139 00:13:51.420 --> 00:13:53.580 Portuguese name, but he pronounces it 140 00:13:54.880 --> 00:13:57.300 Rodericks the British had been in India for 200 years 141 00:13:58.040 --> 00:14:04.500 But now Indians are discovering that they are in fact Indians not involved with the Western nations and quite the way they once were 142 00:14:05.220 --> 00:14:11.060 Christian Indians had dressed as Westerners, but now these women wear the traditional. Sorry 143 00:14:11.060 --> 00:14:15.260 Daughters names are Melanie and Ingrid, but their children's names are 144 00:14:16.920 --> 00:14:20.640 Anita Ravi and Aruna if 145 00:14:20.640 --> 00:14:28.420 Indian Christians are to shake themselves from reliance on Western culture an important work is that of Father George approached from Vienna 146 00:14:28.420 --> 00:14:30.600 He's lived in India for over 30 years 147 00:14:30.600 --> 00:14:37.460 He has written a mass in Hindi and with the help of a Hindu dance instructor is teaching girls to dance the Christian message 148 00:14:37.460 --> 00:14:39.300 in the traditional Hindu dance form 149 00:14:40.620 --> 00:14:47.780 Carol estate has gone communist twice in recent elections. This is the st. Vincent de Paul society in our neck 150 00:14:47.780 --> 00:14:53.260 I wanted to think that they were hatching plots here to overthrow the communists in the next elections 151 00:14:53.260 --> 00:14:56.680 But when I got there, they were just playing cards 152 00:15:00.740 --> 00:15:07.280 The new church building near an acumen and they are building houses to rent to the managers of the tire factory up the street 153 00:15:07.280 --> 00:15:08.840 to help pay for the church 154 00:15:10.680 --> 00:15:15.760 The cross on the top of the church is neon lights up at night the church in the modern world 155 00:15:20.520 --> 00:15:23.380 It's not the sort of thing you expect to see in Chicago, but then where else 156 00:15:37.960 --> 00:15:38.520 I 157 00:15:38.520 --> 00:15:41.760 West side our Lady of Sarros parish was founded in 158 00:15:41.760 --> 00:15:46.360 1874 and reached something of a zenith in American Catholic life in the years 159 00:15:46.360 --> 00:15:53.220 Just prior to World War two when the south of Mother Novena was founded here on a typical Friday 160 00:15:53.220 --> 00:15:58.740 70 to 80,000 pilgrims would throng into this church and it became Mother Church for 161 00:15:58.740 --> 00:16:02.400 2,300 other novena churches all over the US and Canada 162 00:16:03.260 --> 00:16:07.060 After the war the neighborhood around the church began to change 163 00:16:07.060 --> 00:16:11.380 It had changed often over the years from Irish to Italian to Jewish 164 00:16:11.380 --> 00:16:18.320 But the latest newcomers confronted with animosity were unable to put down roots and settle into the old neighborhood patterns 165 00:16:18.320 --> 00:16:23.200 The more ethnically oriented churches and synagogues moved on following their parishioners 166 00:16:23.220 --> 00:16:30.940 But our Lady of Sarros still stands amidst the population for the most part indifferent to it and sometimes even hostile 167 00:16:32.520 --> 00:16:36.540 Maybe we'd be better off with a storefront church the pastor told me 168 00:16:39.320 --> 00:16:40.960 But the school meanwhile 169 00:16:40.960 --> 00:16:45.380 Still goes on almost as it did before for some reason though 170 00:16:45.380 --> 00:16:49.900 They're not Catholics some of the people in this neighborhood want to send it it gets to this school 171 00:16:49.900 --> 00:16:56.000 I asked the sister why and she said she didn't know our school is old and there are two new public schools in the area 172 00:16:56.000 --> 00:17:01.860 She said I suppose the parents hope that their children will absorb something of the traditional disciplines 173 00:17:06.120 --> 00:17:11.080 Here father CM Brissette the pastor and teaches a seventh grade religion class 174 00:17:11.080 --> 00:17:17.820 And this is a book report in the hall for instance the fence painting the time turns over to his 175 00:17:18.100 --> 00:17:24.860 Eddie Rose well the precinct captain said that his family had lived in the parish since its western boundary had been the Mississippi River 176 00:17:25.560 --> 00:17:29.200 His major problem now is to develop political leadership in the area 177 00:17:31.640 --> 00:17:39.040 His right-hand man is John miles a president of the 3200 West Van Buren block club for the help of Rosewell 178 00:17:39.040 --> 00:17:46.520 He has planted grass and trees in the parkways and raises money to pay the kids to pick up broken bottles 179 00:17:46.520 --> 00:17:50.080 He pays a nickel apiece for each bottle they bring in that's not broken 180 00:17:51.820 --> 00:17:54.820 This woman has been in the parish all her life 181 00:17:54.820 --> 00:17:58.660 But now she has entirely new neighbors and she gets along fine with them 182 00:17:58.660 --> 00:18:06.720 They've elected her husband secretary of the block club she gets along fine with her new neighbors, but her old friends won't visit her anymore 183 00:18:11.660 --> 00:18:12.140 They're afraid 184 00:18:14.040 --> 00:18:20.140 The real estate man says his plate glass windows had been broken by those who thought he was the first to rent a home to a Negro 185 00:18:20.140 --> 00:18:26.940 He has begun to adjust to the new neighborhood though. He carries a statue of st. Martin de Porez on his desk 186 00:18:26.940 --> 00:18:29.120 I don't suppose he always had that there 187 00:18:36.680 --> 00:18:41.720 This lady too is making an adjustment to the neighborhood her children go to the Catholic school 188 00:18:41.720 --> 00:18:47.480 She's a Baptist she says her son is a Catholic and that's too soon to tell but she that he may be a priest 189 00:18:47.480 --> 00:18:53.300 They all go to mass on Sunday and then over to the Baptist Church. She's running her own ecumenical movement 190 00:18:53.300 --> 00:19:00.380 She said her son didn't like the Baptist Church too much shouting, but now since Pope John 191 00:19:00.380 --> 00:19:02.320 There's a lot more action with the Catholics, too 192 00:19:21.920 --> 00:19:22.440 I 193 00:19:22.440 --> 00:19:24.220 Came through Rome in early June of 194 00:19:25.380 --> 00:19:30.320 1963 people were listening to their transistor radios and checking the newsstands 195 00:19:31.220 --> 00:19:33.800 Pope John was very ill and moving toward death 196 00:19:38.080 --> 00:19:41.060 And in st. Peter's Square they looked up toward his window 197 00:19:41.720 --> 00:19:41.780 I 198 00:19:49.180 --> 00:19:55.280 June 3rd about 730 in the evening came the announcement of the death of the architect of a G ornamental 199 00:20:09.780 --> 00:20:15.240 The new Pope Paul the sixth seemed in every way a different sort of person than Pope John had been 200 00:20:15.240 --> 00:20:21.360 Where John had exuded pastoral humbleness and a kind of deep spiritual wisdom 201 00:20:21.360 --> 00:20:25.260 Pope Paul brought to the job a fragile aristocratic priest 202 00:20:25.260 --> 00:20:25.260 203 00:20:25.260 --> 00:20:25.260 204 00:20:25.260 --> 00:20:32.420 Italian elegance, but this elegance didn't seem so fragile on the via de la rossa in Jerusalem in January of 1964 205 00:20:32.420 --> 00:20:37.540 What had been planned as a religious experience turned into kind of a mob scene? 206 00:20:38.000 --> 00:20:43.280 But the Pope's reminder that the beginnings of Christianity were in the Middle East wasn't lost on Western 207 00:20:46.020 --> 00:20:50.080 The next day he visited Bethlehem and the Church of the Nativity 208 00:20:50.080 --> 00:20:53.440 Kind of updates your idea of Bethlehem those TV cameras 209 00:20:57.480 --> 00:21:01.840 He celebrated mass in the grotto the traditional birthplace of Christ 210 00:21:01.840 --> 00:21:09.720 And before the day was out he had met with Athena Gores the first the Greek Orthodox Church first such meeting since the 15th century 211 00:21:21.440 --> 00:21:25.240 The Holy Spirit was celebrated by Bishop John and St. Peter 212 00:21:25.260 --> 00:21:32.920 Sure, I've been addicted for provision of Copenhagen with service at the altar by the students of the German College in Rome 213 00:21:33.620 --> 00:21:37.980 First man out of the council each day was father Edward L. Heston at Notre Dame University 214 00:21:38.580 --> 00:21:41.020 Whose job it was to brief the English speaking press? 215 00:21:41.840 --> 00:21:48.060 Communications between the bishops and the people had improved immeasurably since the early days of the council. Thanks to Father 216 00:21:48.060 --> 00:21:54.540 In the Cape Verde Islands moderator for the session was Cardinal Julius Depner of Munich 217 00:21:55.500 --> 00:22:00.980 There were many announcements to be made this morning 218 00:22:02.280 --> 00:22:06.700 Gene said the voting document on religious liberty would begin tomorrow 219 00:22:07.480 --> 00:22:16.960 fathers who wish so-called 220 00:22:16.960 --> 00:22:24.620 Bishop's press panel met in the basement of the USO in addition to the press these conferences were often attended by seminarians 221 00:22:25.280 --> 00:22:29.480 nuns laymen on the fringes of the council even some of the council fathers 222 00:22:29.480 --> 00:22:33.340 Maybe had been in the coffee bar or asleep at any rate 223 00:22:33.340 --> 00:22:36.520 They could hear the Council deliberations in their own language 224 00:22:36.520 --> 00:22:42.240 This is Monsignor George Higgins of Washington DC who was often a member of the press panel 225 00:22:44.860 --> 00:22:48.760 Father Gregory Baum a theologian from Toronto 226 00:22:48.760 --> 00:22:56.260 Israel Schenker of Time magazine and Father Thomas Stransky of the Secretariat on Christian Unity 227 00:22:56.260 --> 00:22:58.760 Richard Carbrae a Latin scholar from Seattle 228 00:22:58.760 --> 00:23:06.760 Mario Carota head of the Christian family movement in Carmel, California now lives on Malta 229 00:23:06.760 --> 00:23:11.580 Sister Luke the first American woman observer to the council 230 00:23:11.580 --> 00:23:18.180 Here Bishop John Wright of Pittsburgh speaks on the importance of the new African laity to the life of the church 231 00:23:18.180 --> 00:23:24.800 And that the important cities in this council may well be the cities of Africa and Asia rather than the European cities 232 00:23:24.800 --> 00:23:26.700 important to previous councils 233 00:23:26.700 --> 00:23:28.800 It is left sits 234 00:23:28.800 --> 00:23:31.940 Archbishop Owen McCann of Cape Town 235 00:23:31.940 --> 00:23:35.900 Father Brown of the Saharan that day about the differences between 236 00:23:36.760 --> 00:23:40.580 Catholics and Protestants over the importance of Scripture and tradition 237 00:23:41.620 --> 00:23:47.920 Bishop Dungu from Uganda the council had changed the church from a reliance on Latin 238 00:23:47.920 --> 00:23:53.320 To the home language of the congregation with the missionary church first in mind 239 00:23:53.320 --> 00:23:59.720 But the Bishop Dungu pointed out that there are three major languages in Uganda alone 240 00:24:04.620 --> 00:24:10.440 These conversations continued on into the evening in the hotels and the restaurants of Rome 241 00:24:10.440 --> 00:24:18.160 Here Archbishop Thomas Roberts and his friend Richard Carbrae meet with miss Eileen Egan of New York City together 242 00:24:18.160 --> 00:24:22.920 They are working over a positive statement on peace and a conscientious objection 243 00:24:26.340 --> 00:24:28.520 October 28 1965 244 00:24:29.640 --> 00:24:33.740 Bishop's vote the declaration on the non-christian religion and 245 00:24:33.740 --> 00:24:36.740 particularly Roman Catholics relationship to the Jews 246 00:24:36.740 --> 00:24:43.780 Aside from the impetus Pope John gave the most significant early understanding of a need for the council 247 00:24:43.780 --> 00:24:47.140 Seems to have come from bishops in the northern European countries 248 00:24:47.720 --> 00:24:52.260 Clearly this must have been a reaction to what had happened 20 years before a time of pilgrims 249 00:24:53.200 --> 00:24:55.280 purges and terror bombings 250 00:25:07.380 --> 00:25:14.120 Also, I would like to suggest that the single most important American ecumenical meeting of recent times 251 00:25:14.120 --> 00:25:18.760 Took place in the basement of the First Baptist Church in Selma, Alabama 252 00:25:18.760 --> 00:25:25.580 Clearly Catholics would never have turned up in a Baptist Church if it hadn't been for Pope John and his Vatican Council 253 00:25:25.580 --> 00:25:30.840 Both sides in Selma had become divided into militant and moderate camps 254 00:25:30.840 --> 00:25:36.460 Sheriff Clark and Commissioner Baker were in dispute over how to handle this affair and 255 00:25:36.740 --> 00:25:43.520 Among Martin Luther King's followers there were those deeply committed to non-violence and those who saw it only as a technique 256 00:25:43.520 --> 00:25:48.040 the nuns priests other clergymen and rabbis in Selma 257 00:25:48.040 --> 00:25:56.380 Underlined the truly religious character of the human rights movement and at the same time they gained insights into the non-violent roots of 258 00:25:57.140 --> 00:26:01.200 Love your enemy which had been pretty well forgotten over the centuries 259 00:26:01.200 --> 00:26:06.160 And this more than any other action brought about the right to vote for Negroes in the south 260 00:26:06.740 --> 00:26:07.220 The 261 00:26:08.480 --> 00:26:09.120 Shabba 262 00:26:09.120 --> 00:26:14.940 Who saw the be a key move some 263 00:26:15.920 --> 00:26:22.280 You know well who we are the Pope said as he further opened the church to the modern world by coming the United 264 00:26:22.280 --> 00:26:22.780 Nations 265 00:26:25.820 --> 00:26:33.080 You know our mission we are the bearer of a message for all mankind no more war war never again 266 00:26:35.820 --> 00:26:36.660 a 267 00:26:36.660 --> 00:26:44.340 Was a chilly but wonderful baseball night an American Sarda night as the Pope celebrated a spectacular mass in 268 00:26:44.340 --> 00:26:45.220 Yankee Stadium 269 00:27:04.760 --> 00:27:10.760 The last working session took place on December 7th of 1965 270 00:27:11.500 --> 00:27:19.380 Four incredible years in the history of civilization in Christianity at past since Pope John spoke of opening the church to the world 271 00:27:19.380 --> 00:27:20.940 Vagio ornamenta 272 00:27:20.940 --> 00:27:24.040 Now they are heading home to what is surely a bigger job 273 00:27:24.740 --> 00:27:25.960 the renewable men 274 00:27:27.320 --> 00:27:31.660 renewal putting to work the ideas and decrees of Vatican Council to 275 00:28:05.880 --> 00:28:07.900 This is your captain speaking 276 00:28:07.900 --> 00:28:15.120 We are anticipating turbulence ahead, so would you please keep your seat belts fastened? Thank you 277 00:28:19.340 --> 00:28:19.940 You