WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.720 I'm sorry, I'm not sure if I can help you. 2 00:00:03.720 --> 00:00:03.760 I'm sorry, I'm not sure if I can help you. 3 00:00:07.140 --> 00:00:09.700 I'm sorry, I'm not sure if I can help you. 4 00:00:09.940 --> 00:00:12.440 I'm sorry, I'm not sure if I can help you. 5 00:00:12.440 --> 00:00:12.460 I'm sorry, I'm not sure if I can help you. 6 00:00:17.700 --> 00:00:18.780 I'm sorry, I'm not sure if I can help you. 7 00:00:47.960 --> 00:00:49.560 I'm sorry, I'm not sure if I can help you. 8 00:00:49.560 --> 00:00:49.980 I'm sorry, I'm not sure if I can help you. 9 00:01:13.900 --> 00:01:15.280 I'm sorry, I'm not sure if I can help you. 10 00:01:15.280 --> 00:01:42.380 The Place is Dalton, Georgia. 11 00:01:43.020 --> 00:01:45.260 Since 1948, the place has been a 12 00:01:45.260 --> 00:01:45.260 13 00:01:45.260 --> 00:01:45.260 14 00:01:45.260 --> 00:01:45.260 15 00:01:45.260 --> 00:01:48.480 capital of the United States. 16 00:01:50.040 --> 00:01:54.120 Two-thirds of the carpet made in the USA is produced in Dalton. 17 00:01:56.060 --> 00:02:00.440 Of course, it has brought prosperity to this 18 00:02:00.440 --> 00:02:05.080 section of the country, and without it, Dalton would 19 00:02:05.080 --> 00:02:08.260 probably be a dead town, or a ghost town. 20 00:02:09.820 --> 00:02:13.960 I'm Vester Stanley, and I've lived here ever since 34. 21 00:02:15.400 --> 00:02:20.040 Worked this land and raised my family on this property. 22 00:02:20.960 --> 00:02:24.360 My children, one of them married in Porto Marcos lives 23 00:02:24.360 --> 00:02:30.560 straight across. Another one of my daughters married in Warner Holloway, 24 00:02:30.860 --> 00:02:33.360 lives in this house yonder. 25 00:02:34.500 --> 00:02:39.160 Whenever we first came to this place, the environment 26 00:02:39.160 --> 00:02:43.360 was very good because you could go out and 27 00:02:44.540 --> 00:02:49.240 set you out a bunch of hooks of a night, catch all kinds of 28 00:02:49.240 --> 00:02:54.360 good catfish. In fact, I caught one eel over there in 29 00:02:54.360 --> 00:02:59.120 1930 out of the river, the last thing that I know of 30 00:02:59.120 --> 00:03:01.040 being caught in this country. 31 00:03:07.340 --> 00:03:10.120 Vester Stanley's farm is located several miles 32 00:03:10.120 --> 00:03:11.780 south of Dalton, Georgia. 33 00:03:14.380 --> 00:03:19.440 The Conosoga River, which flows through Dalton, loops around Mr. Stanley's land, 34 00:03:19.880 --> 00:03:21.600 surrounding him on three sides. 35 00:03:21.600 --> 00:03:26.600 About 48, industrial began to 36 00:03:27.540 --> 00:03:31.600 move in, and that has caused the 37 00:03:32.540 --> 00:03:36.900 pollution to take hold. This river 38 00:03:36.900 --> 00:03:41.980 here was a very nice river, real clear and clean. 39 00:03:44.160 --> 00:03:47.220 We'd swim in it, kids would have a big time. 40 00:03:47.220 --> 00:03:52.660 Had a picnic set up over here on the river. Of course, all of that 41 00:03:52.660 --> 00:03:57.200 has changed. I raise cattle all together now, 42 00:03:57.300 --> 00:04:01.480 I'd say, and my cattle will not drink the water. 43 00:04:02.520 --> 00:04:07.540 I think it can kill them if it was to, because all the fish, 44 00:04:08.440 --> 00:04:13.300 the turtles, gars, and even old 45 00:04:13.300 --> 00:04:16.480 carp cannot live in it now. 46 00:04:18.960 --> 00:04:23.380 Dalton's had a phenomenal growth primarily due to the 47 00:04:23.380 --> 00:04:27.980 carpet rug industry. The carpet industry does require 48 00:04:27.980 --> 00:04:33.160 large quantities of water, and Dalton has been fortunate in being able to 49 00:04:33.160 --> 00:04:38.300 fairly well keep up with these demands. If we were to keep the 50 00:04:38.300 --> 00:04:42.460 carpet industry in Dalton, or keep it largely in Dalton, we had to provide 51 00:04:43.180 --> 00:04:48.300 the utilities that were necessary to produce the carpet, and 52 00:04:48.300 --> 00:04:53.440 by operating as a business, we've been able to do that. Dalton pumps about 53 00:04:53.440 --> 00:04:58.560 40 million gallons of water a day to the carpet industry. The retail value of the 54 00:04:58.560 --> 00:05:02.000 carpet produced is now about $2 billion a year. 55 00:05:02.000 --> 00:05:07.320 But as Dalton has prospered, the environment, particularly the river, 56 00:05:07.480 --> 00:05:12.220 has taken a beating. Not that Dalton is unique. The same thing has 57 00:05:12.220 --> 00:05:17.500 happened all over the country. The United States is ten times as polluted as it was 58 00:05:17.500 --> 00:05:22.680 in 1948, because until just recently, nobody considered the 59 00:05:22.680 --> 00:05:27.460 environmental cost of producing things. Pollution was considered by economists 60 00:05:27.460 --> 00:05:32.700 to be a mere byproduct of manufacturing, something that did not figure into the cost of 61 00:05:32.700 --> 00:05:37.600 the product. When Con Edison pours smoke into the air, don't 62 00:05:37.600 --> 00:05:42.580 tell me there's not a cost. The cost is partly in the fact that I may have emphysema or that I've got to 63 00:05:42.580 --> 00:05:47.920 clean my curtains. My wife has to clean the curtains more often. The cost isn't borne by Consolidated Edison, 64 00:05:48.600 --> 00:05:52.480 so that the price that Consolidated Edison charges for electricity, 65 00:05:53.100 --> 00:05:57.700 so many cents per watt, is less than it ought to be, because a consumer 66 00:05:57.700 --> 00:06:02.940 doesn't like to hear that, but it's the truth. Actually, Consolidated Edison ought to be forced to 67 00:06:02.940 --> 00:06:07.860 bear those costs out of its profits, or else if there are no profits, to pass the 68 00:06:07.860 --> 00:06:13.020 costs along. The problem is that electricity costs less than it, quote, really costs. 69 00:06:13.440 --> 00:06:17.920 The result is you use more electricity than you would if it were priced at what the real 70 00:06:17.920 --> 00:06:23.140 cost to society is. Suncoop means fun-coop. Every time you touch a Skylark Suncoop, 71 00:06:23.240 --> 00:06:28.780 it turns to fun. That's why we call this exciting, pearlescent exterior color the Midas Gold. 72 00:06:29.100 --> 00:06:33.260 Now wouldn't a car like this be fun, with its seats and gold nylon velour, 73 00:06:33.560 --> 00:06:37.940 accented with iridescent spangles, looks just like the sun shining in there right now. 74 00:06:37.940 --> 00:06:43.160 By not including pollution cost in our prices, we have actually warped the market value of things. 75 00:06:43.160 --> 00:06:48.940 We use more synthetic fibers, more chemicals, more aluminum, more throwaway bottles, 76 00:06:49.460 --> 00:06:53.800 more of a great many products that are produced in polluting ways. If their prices 77 00:06:53.800 --> 00:06:59.100 reflected their true cost, the cost of preventing damage to the environment, we would use less. 78 00:07:00.980 --> 00:07:05.700 We got ourselves into this mess by assuming that the environment would dissipate our pollution, 79 00:07:06.360 --> 00:07:09.320 that we could throw it away and it would stay away, free of charge. 80 00:07:10.000 --> 00:07:12.960 Unfortunately, this is not a service nature provides. 81 00:07:13.800 --> 00:07:19.740 There is no such thing as a waste which can be ignored. For example, we throw away 82 00:07:20.680 --> 00:07:24.640 a battery that contains mercury. That mercury is going to go somewhere. 83 00:07:25.020 --> 00:07:29.560 It doesn't go away. It goes into the rubbish. From the rubbish it goes to the incinerator. 84 00:07:29.920 --> 00:07:34.940 The incinerator heats it, puts the mercury vapor into the air. Then it comes down in the rain. 85 00:07:34.940 --> 00:07:38.040 Then it gets into fish. Everything has to go somewhere. 86 00:08:04.940 --> 00:08:08.020 The fish is going to go somewhere. 87 00:08:08.060 --> 00:08:10.180 The fish is going to go somewhere. 88 00:08:11.380 --> 00:08:15.200 The fish is going to go somewhere. 89 00:08:15.200 --> 00:08:16.840 The fish is going to go somewhere. 90 00:08:18.280 --> 00:08:20.200 The fish is going to go somewhere. 91 00:08:20.200 --> 00:08:25.440 The fish is going to go somewhere. 92 00:08:25.460 --> 00:08:28.100 The fish is going to go somewhere. 93 00:08:28.200 --> 00:08:30.440 The fish is going to go somewhere. 94 00:08:33.000 --> 00:08:35.220 The fish is going to go somewhere. 95 00:08:37.200 --> 00:08:39.020 The fish is going to go somewhere. 96 00:08:39.020 --> 00:08:54.140 The fish is going to go somewhere. 97 00:09:01.760 --> 00:09:06.060 The things we try to throw away come back to haunt us. 98 00:09:07.400 --> 00:09:11.380 Costs not picked up in one place are incurred somewhere by somebody else. 99 00:09:13.620 --> 00:09:17.400 In St. Louis, a 1% increase in sulfur trioxide 100 00:09:17.400 --> 00:09:20.440 was matched with a similar decrease in property values. 101 00:09:21.140 --> 00:09:25.360 So the pollution was paid for, not by the sources that produced it, 102 00:09:25.560 --> 00:09:27.680 but by the homeowner whose house was worth less. 103 00:09:29.320 --> 00:09:31.880 In East St. Louis, across the Mississippi, 104 00:09:32.520 --> 00:09:36.820 Mr. and Mrs. Desi Phillips have lived downwind of several large factories 105 00:09:36.820 --> 00:09:40.520 and have experienced what economists call external costs. 106 00:09:57.680 --> 00:10:01.340 The house was a mess. 107 00:10:01.340 --> 00:10:02.300 The house was a mess. 108 00:10:02.580 --> 00:10:06.800 The house was a mess. 109 00:10:07.300 --> 00:10:09.220 The house was a mess. 110 00:10:14.680 --> 00:10:16.680 The house was a mess. 111 00:10:16.680 --> 00:10:22.980 The house was a mess. 112 00:10:22.980 --> 00:10:23.140 The house was a mess. 113 00:10:23.140 --> 00:10:28.240 The house was a mess. 114 00:10:37.040 --> 00:10:38.760 The house was a mess. 115 00:10:39.740 --> 00:10:41.120 The house was a mess. 116 00:10:41.120 --> 00:10:44.720 It ain't half as bad now as it used to be. 117 00:10:59.380 --> 00:11:02.180 Good evening and welcome to Pass the Box. 118 00:11:02.540 --> 00:11:04.400 This place, Pass the Box. 119 00:11:08.620 --> 00:11:09.740 Yes, indeed. 120 00:11:09.860 --> 00:11:13.080 TV's first game show with no winners, only losers. 121 00:11:13.440 --> 00:11:15.700 I'm your host and mediator, Leonard Woodchuck. 122 00:11:15.980 --> 00:11:19.160 But before we start passing the box, why don't we meet our challengers? 123 00:11:19.200 --> 00:11:21.980 And to help me with that, my beautiful assistant, Betty. 124 00:11:22.440 --> 00:11:25.560 Thank you, Betty. Thank you. 125 00:11:27.400 --> 00:11:31.140 Our first challenger representing government is Mr. Jack Hughes. 126 00:11:31.140 --> 00:11:39.940 And now let's meet our representative of management, Mr. C. Steele Mills. 127 00:11:40.160 --> 00:11:41.240 Mr. Mills. 128 00:11:45.320 --> 00:11:51.000 And finally, representing labor, Mr. Jimmy Friendly alias Fiore Fifi Bucciaro. 129 00:11:51.280 --> 00:11:52.740 Mr. Bucciaro. 130 00:11:55.360 --> 00:12:00.500 Well, now we've met the challengers, why don't we meet the representative of you, the public? 131 00:12:00.860 --> 00:12:01.120 That's right. 132 00:12:01.120 --> 00:12:05.220 She was originally selected at random from the FBI surveillance files. 133 00:12:05.540 --> 00:12:09.780 Here she is, Mrs. Amanda Jones, all the way from Horsesmith, Montana. 134 00:12:16.040 --> 00:12:21.680 Well, we all know the rules now. Our contestants are all blank for a major problem in our society. 135 00:12:22.020 --> 00:12:25.380 Now to get off the hook, they must pass the box. 136 00:12:27.180 --> 00:12:28.220 Round one. 137 00:12:28.220 --> 00:12:31.360 Okay, we spin the magic wheel of crisis. 138 00:12:35.720 --> 00:12:37.500 The big A, air pollution. 139 00:12:37.660 --> 00:12:41.020 Air pollution? There's the issue. Here's the box. 140 00:12:41.460 --> 00:12:44.240 Hey, Mrs. Jones, who's fault is it? Pass the box. 141 00:12:45.380 --> 00:12:50.120 My husband and I don't burn what you would call a significant amount of soft coal or anything like that. 142 00:12:50.380 --> 00:12:55.400 None of our friends do either. But the air keeps getting worse and I don't think I should be the one to clean it up. 143 00:12:55.400 --> 00:12:58.040 The government should take care of this. I blame government. 144 00:12:58.100 --> 00:12:59.980 Excuse, pass the box. Excuse. 145 00:13:01.240 --> 00:13:04.520 Mr. Quizmaster, fellow panelists, distinguished guests. 146 00:13:04.520 --> 00:13:06.080 Come on, Jack, it's time to pass the box. 147 00:13:06.400 --> 00:13:08.000 All right, Leonard, I'm getting to it. 148 00:13:08.120 --> 00:13:17.020 Now, we wouldn't like to cut back on some of the worst offenders of air pollution, but we can't do that without putting off thousands and thousands of laborers right out of their jobs. 149 00:13:17.120 --> 00:13:19.160 Now, labor won't stand for that. I blame labor. 150 00:13:19.400 --> 00:13:21.080 Come on. 151 00:13:21.100 --> 00:13:23.200 All right, now why does labor always have to pay? 152 00:13:23.200 --> 00:13:28.200 If management wasn't so concerned about making a profit, then there would be a buzzer. 153 00:13:28.760 --> 00:13:34.340 In our society, we do not attack the profit motive because it is a sacred cow. 154 00:13:34.480 --> 00:13:36.280 Fifteen seconds, I'll leave. Pass the box. 155 00:13:36.300 --> 00:13:37.240 Get out of here. All right. 156 00:13:37.400 --> 00:13:41.860 Now, somebody's got to start finding technological solutions to these problems without laying off workers. 157 00:13:42.100 --> 00:13:45.180 And if management is so smart, let management do it. I blame management. 158 00:13:45.640 --> 00:13:52.240 Pass the box. Hey, hey. Hey, hey, give him the box. Pass the box. 159 00:13:52.780 --> 00:13:54.700 Management cares about you, the public. 160 00:13:55.160 --> 00:14:01.240 Now, we are looking for solutions to these problems, but at the same time, we're forced to meet an ever-increasing consumer demand for new products and services. 161 00:14:01.500 --> 00:14:04.420 Don't blame us for giving people what they want. I blame the public. 162 00:14:04.480 --> 00:14:05.600 Oh, Mr. Jocko. 163 00:14:05.980 --> 00:14:08.260 I didn't actually want my son to buy that new car. 164 00:14:08.800 --> 00:14:10.020 Oh, Mr. Jocko, don't look over there. 165 00:14:10.480 --> 00:14:11.260 Every guy's got a gun. 166 00:14:12.740 --> 00:14:16.960 Time is up, and you're left holding the box. And Betty, what's our score? 167 00:14:16.960 --> 00:14:23.940 Well, Lenny, at the end of round one, government has one point, labor one, management one, and the public, nothing. 168 00:14:31.000 --> 00:14:37.900 Since the dawning of awareness about pollution in the late 60s, the overall quality of our air has continued to decline. 169 00:14:42.120 --> 00:14:52.300 The Air Control Act of 1970 set tougher standards than ever before, requiring auto manufacturers to reduce emissions by 90 percent by 1975. 170 00:14:53.780 --> 00:14:57.620 But even if these standards are met, our problems are far from solved. 171 00:15:01.560 --> 00:15:05.320 Our way of life rests on many industrial processes that are polluting. 172 00:15:06.240 --> 00:15:07.880 For example, the pollution in the industrial industry is much higher than in the industrial industry. 173 00:15:07.880 --> 00:15:14.600 The generation of electric power is a polluting process, and there are no technological means on the horizon to prevent that. 174 00:15:15.380 --> 00:15:21.460 We're going to have to choose between uses that are frivolous and uses that really add to our quality of life. 175 00:15:22.640 --> 00:15:29.020 If you put a flip top on a beer can, that requires an aluminum top on a steel beer can. 176 00:15:29.420 --> 00:15:36.040 That triples the amount of electricity used to deliver that beer, and of course, triples the amount of air pollution. 177 00:15:36.040 --> 00:15:42.500 And it seems to me that the main thing that we have to do in this country is to make explicit the benefits and the costs. 178 00:15:42.960 --> 00:15:52.340 I think that we ought to have on the beer can with a flip top this flip top, a label like the Surgeon General's label on cigarette packs. 179 00:15:53.440 --> 00:16:00.280 For the benefit of this flip top, this can has tripled the air pollution. 180 00:16:00.280 --> 00:16:05.720 While the benefits of many of the things we produce are obvious, frequently the costs are not. 181 00:16:06.540 --> 00:16:14.940 In St. Louis, in an old district called Soulard, a young man named Lee Lawless is concerned about the effects of air pollution on the community. 182 00:16:15.920 --> 00:16:18.900 He's trying to find out the human costs of filthy air. 183 00:16:19.280 --> 00:16:22.220 But one of the major problems that we have right now is air pollution. 184 00:16:22.440 --> 00:16:27.620 We've got Monsanto with the organic chemical plant right at the foot of the neighborhood between the river and us. 185 00:16:27.620 --> 00:16:30.440 A big coal burning plant across the river. 186 00:16:31.520 --> 00:16:35.300 Over here we have Anheuser-Busch, which is the fourth largest producer of SO2 in St. Louis. 187 00:16:35.800 --> 00:16:40.300 And then surrounding us on the west, we have I-55, which is one of the major arteries of the area. 188 00:16:40.640 --> 00:16:41.760 Hey, Bob, wait a second, okay? 189 00:16:46.420 --> 00:16:52.960 This is Bob McClintock, and he just recently bought a house here in the area and offered to put the high-volume air stamper up on his roof for us. 190 00:16:52.960 --> 00:16:54.620 Do you want to tell him what to do about it? 191 00:16:58.500 --> 00:17:04.640 Every other day I come out, take a flow reading, change the filter, and send it to the university. 192 00:17:05.160 --> 00:17:06.580 Lee, why don't you tell them what they do there? 193 00:17:06.680 --> 00:17:12.940 They're going to measure it to find out actually grossly how much particulate matter there is on the filter. 194 00:17:13.000 --> 00:17:17.800 And then they're going to chop it up into smaller sections and place these in a reactor. 195 00:17:18.220 --> 00:17:21.700 They'll be able to tell what chemicals and metals have been coated on the particulates. 196 00:17:21.900 --> 00:17:26.900 What we hope you'll be able to do with this is to establish it clearly that these things are in the air here in our neighborhood. 197 00:17:26.900 --> 00:17:35.520 And see if with this information, hopefully we can get some action to stop the kind of emissions that are taking place in our area. 198 00:17:36.500 --> 00:17:42.880 The people down here who have always been aware of at least the air problems that they have because it stinks so badly, 199 00:17:43.520 --> 00:17:47.160 hopefully some of them are becoming aware of the fact that they might be able to do something about it. 200 00:17:47.340 --> 00:17:50.900 One company that I tried to contact about this problem was Anheuser-Busch. 201 00:17:51.560 --> 00:17:57.260 I wrote to them and they answered and I found their answer very unsatisfactory and wrote back again and they've yet to hear from them. 202 00:17:58.480 --> 00:18:04.580 We've also talked with the Environmental Protection Agency and they have set this up as one of their inner city areas in St. Louis 203 00:18:04.580 --> 00:18:11.840 that they're going to set up a full-scale monitoring station and do pulmonary function tests on school-age children and on older residents. 204 00:18:23.580 --> 00:18:29.620 Whoa, dude! Let's hope in around June that Mrs. Jones can get back into the mainstream of the American power structure. 205 00:18:29.640 --> 00:18:30.840 We hope so! 206 00:18:30.980 --> 00:18:32.640 On magic wheels! 207 00:18:38.080 --> 00:18:39.060 Water pollution! 208 00:18:39.300 --> 00:18:44.700 Oh, water pollution! There's the issue! Here's the buck! Mrs. Jones, whose fault is it? 209 00:18:44.700 --> 00:18:45.340 That number! 210 00:18:46.740 --> 00:18:52.140 We recently had some house guests from Mexico and they refused to drink our tap water. 211 00:18:52.860 --> 00:18:58.460 Now I don't blame them. You can see the gunk pouring in from those big factories. I blame management. 212 00:19:00.140 --> 00:19:02.180 Management cares about you, the public. 213 00:19:03.060 --> 00:19:06.360 Now we no longer pour industrial waste into the water, we pour it onto the ground. 214 00:19:06.700 --> 00:19:12.020 As a matter of fact, we'd like to change the whole industrial process, but organized labor is fighting us every step of the way. I blame labor! 215 00:19:15.160 --> 00:19:17.260 Labor, tap! 216 00:19:18.260 --> 00:19:22.920 Yeah, they're going to change the industrial process, all right? They're going to move the factory to Japan. 217 00:19:23.340 --> 00:19:28.960 We're not going to stand for it. Now somebody ought to be able to get in there and clean up the water without laying off thousands of American workers. 218 00:19:29.160 --> 00:19:32.860 And I think the only person big enough to do that is Uncle Sam, so I blame Uncle Sam. 219 00:19:33.160 --> 00:19:34.380 Come on, Mr. Mark! 220 00:19:35.760 --> 00:19:37.520 I'm reminded of a humorous story. 221 00:19:37.800 --> 00:19:39.640 Come on, Mr. Mark! 222 00:19:39.640 --> 00:19:47.940 All right, all right. Now we would seriously like to clean up all our water waste, but that's going to cost billions and billions of dollars, which means an increase in taxes. 223 00:19:48.420 --> 00:19:51.220 Now the public won't stand for that, so I blame the public. 224 00:19:51.480 --> 00:19:52.860 Mr. Mark! 225 00:19:53.480 --> 00:19:54.360 It's the Jews. 226 00:19:56.760 --> 00:19:57.240 Gables! 227 00:19:57.980 --> 00:19:58.820 It's the blacks. 228 00:19:59.960 --> 00:20:00.440 Gables! 229 00:20:00.800 --> 00:20:01.620 Is it the commies? 230 00:20:02.220 --> 00:20:04.280 And hurry time is up! 231 00:20:04.620 --> 00:20:07.240 Well, commies would have worked a few years ago, right folks? 232 00:20:08.280 --> 00:20:10.120 Okay, Betty, what's that good? 233 00:20:10.180 --> 00:20:15.420 Well, any government has two points, labor two, management two, and the public nothing. 234 00:20:16.300 --> 00:20:21.120 Oh, gentlemen, congratulations. You've succeeded in getting off the hook. Mrs. Jones, come on up here. 235 00:20:21.280 --> 00:20:24.520 Because we don't want you to go away empty-handed, Betty. What do we have? 236 00:20:24.640 --> 00:20:27.320 For Mrs. Jones, we have a week's supply of food stamps. 237 00:20:27.640 --> 00:20:30.580 Fantastic, Mrs. Jones. You take these food stamps home and eat your heart out. 238 00:20:30.580 --> 00:20:37.480 And now, as we show Mrs. Jones through our door of despair, I'd like to say she will be back next week, right, Betty? 239 00:20:37.520 --> 00:20:41.520 Yes, she'll match wits against General Electric, General Motors, and United States Steel. 240 00:20:41.520 --> 00:20:46.920 Of course, if she loses that round, we'll have to send a trained team of ecologists out to her home to destroy her environment. 241 00:20:48.180 --> 00:20:52.720 So, please stay tuned now for the Mayor and the City Council, and let's make a deal! 242 00:21:07.900 --> 00:21:14.860 West of Dalton, Georgia, out of the side of Rocky Face Mountain, springs a stream known as Drowning Bear Creek. 243 00:22:42.620 --> 00:22:50.380 By the time Drowning Bear Creek has passed through Dalton, it is so polluted that nothing will live in it. 244 00:22:52.540 --> 00:22:58.820 Prior to the time that environmentalists and others realized that something had to be done in this area, 245 00:22:58.820 --> 00:23:07.120 none of the towns were, and none of the communities, none of the industries were providing for their waste treatment. 246 00:23:07.800 --> 00:23:11.140 There's no reason at all why these streams shouldn't be cleaned up. 247 00:23:11.560 --> 00:23:18.780 Responding to the new national mood and to stricter government standards, Dalton has moved quickly to construct a wastewater treatment plant. 248 00:23:19.760 --> 00:23:25.640 To pay for it, the corporate industry will pay an additional one and a half million dollars a year in taxes. 249 00:23:25.640 --> 00:23:28.920 But will the water of the Connoisseur be clean? 250 00:23:30.220 --> 00:23:34.740 To answer that question, water samples for analysis were taken from three sources. 251 00:23:35.300 --> 00:23:42.220 Drowning Bear Creek as it enters Dalton, the municipal sewer pipe, and Drowning Bear Creek as it leaves Dalton. 252 00:23:43.400 --> 00:23:48.840 First of all, we received three samples from this particular creek in Dalton, Georgia, 253 00:23:48.840 --> 00:23:59.720 and we carried out a number of different analyses that we would carry out in the various rivers and streams in the Chicago area as well as in Canada. 254 00:24:00.380 --> 00:24:04.140 And the water before it flows into this particular community is extremely pure. 255 00:24:04.200 --> 00:24:15.040 It's one of the purest I've ever had seen, whereas the phosphate content of the water leaving this particular area is up to 36 to 28 parts per million, 256 00:24:15.340 --> 00:24:18.340 and the sulfate content also is drastically different. 257 00:24:18.340 --> 00:24:21.120 This is a type of chemical that contains chemicals not naturally found in water. 258 00:24:21.680 --> 00:24:29.120 Some of these chemicals can very well be the type such as benzathocenes, other types of things which are dissolved in the water itself, 259 00:24:29.560 --> 00:24:34.460 which we know are oncogenic and have the potentials of producing, say, tumors in fish. 260 00:24:35.240 --> 00:24:40.940 This animal is a walleye pike that we find in the polluted waterways. 261 00:24:40.940 --> 00:24:49.900 You can see an epidermoidal type of tumor mass involved in the right side of the animal and the eye of the fish. 262 00:24:50.780 --> 00:25:03.960 Here we have the northern pike, and this animal has a lymphoid type of tumor mass growing from the lower jaw and actually fused onto the upper jaw. 263 00:25:03.960 --> 00:25:11.080 These are samples of animals that show tumor growths from polluted waterways. 264 00:25:11.480 --> 00:25:19.080 The standards for fishing water merely means that the water can support life to the point that a natural inhabitant of fish could live in it, 265 00:25:19.100 --> 00:25:22.160 and therefore the fish live in it, people could take the fish out. 266 00:25:22.520 --> 00:25:28.860 But it absolutely eludes the main question, which is this a good water or is it not a good water? 267 00:25:29.500 --> 00:25:35.340 Arsenic is a good one which we find in the water which wouldn't be removed until such time as you have a tertiary treatment. 268 00:25:35.360 --> 00:25:42.840 You see, most waters will support life as long as it's got less than 25 parts per million of carbon dioxide in it. 269 00:25:43.060 --> 00:25:49.080 Secondary treatment is a great help and should be emphasized as a great help in trying to clean up the rivers. 270 00:25:49.100 --> 00:25:52.940 This is the first stage in really cleaning up all the rivers and streams, 271 00:25:52.940 --> 00:25:58.840 but it's a far cry from tertiary improvement which really means we'd have a good safe water to use. 272 00:25:59.120 --> 00:26:03.440 Dalton is building a secondary treatment plant. The cost? $12 million. 273 00:26:04.560 --> 00:26:10.540 In spite of the sign, the water will not be clean. It will be polluted in a more subtle way. 274 00:26:11.680 --> 00:26:20.480 To achieve a really clean effluent water requires tertiary or advanced water treatment, which would cost five times as much, or $60 million. 275 00:26:21.400 --> 00:26:27.880 The water coming out of Dalton's new treatment plant, while still polluted, will, however, meet federal standards. 276 00:26:29.980 --> 00:26:35.540 At present, almost nothing lives in the Conosoga River. There is almost no oxygen in the water. 277 00:26:36.500 --> 00:26:43.780 When Dalton finishes its secondary treatment plant, fish will return to the water, but they are likely to have a high incidence of tumors. 278 00:26:43.780 --> 00:26:52.500 I guess most people would like to have it like it is, but that ain't what we ought to consider. 279 00:26:53.480 --> 00:26:57.020 We ought to consider our health above everything. 280 00:26:58.840 --> 00:27:07.120 Certainty is bad, but to live on a place and raise your family there, then think about leaving. 281 00:27:07.120 --> 00:27:17.320 I would, but if I was going to do much more of it, I would. I'd try to go somewhere where it wasn't polluted. 282 00:27:18.340 --> 00:27:26.100 These plants, like coral carpet, have grown to millions of dollars in the last few years. 283 00:27:26.180 --> 00:27:32.600 One of my sons-in-law works there. It has grown tremendous. 284 00:27:32.600 --> 00:27:43.580 It seems to me that these big plants that make a lot of money ought to take care of some of this pollution, somewhere or another. 285 00:27:46.480 --> 00:27:55.600 In the last 25 years, we have doubled our gross national product, radically changed the way we produce things, and ignored the pollution that was part of the package. 286 00:27:56.520 --> 00:28:00.680 The result is a higher standard of living, but a lower quality of life. 287 00:28:02.180 --> 00:28:05.140 Pollution is something everybody is subjected to. 288 00:28:06.120 --> 00:28:12.980 The American Cancer Society estimates that 75 to 85 percent of cancer is environmentally caused. 289 00:28:13.880 --> 00:28:18.060 So, what we have not paid for one way, we may pay for another. 290 00:28:19.460 --> 00:28:25.860 The question is not whether the costs of pollution will be paid. The question is when, and by whom. 291 00:28:37.700 --> 00:28:39.680 The American Cancer Society estimates that 75 to 85 percent of the pollution is caused by the pollution of the world. 292 00:28:44.580 --> 00:28:44.580 293 00:28:44.580 --> 00:28:45.220 The answer is yes. 294 00:28:50.140 --> 00:28:52.420 The American Cancer Society estimates that 75 to 85 percent of the pollution is caused by the pollution of the world. 295 00:28:52.420 --> 00:28:54.580 Thank you for watching.