WEBVTT

1
00:00:23.940 --> 00:00:25.340
You

2
00:00:48.680 --> 00:00:49.960
A

3
00:00:49.960 --> 00:00:56.820
Man who cannot hear his experience is image without sound

4
00:01:00.540 --> 00:01:01.940
a

5
00:01:01.940 --> 00:01:08.300
Woman who cannot see her experience is sound without image

6
00:01:36.560 --> 00:01:37.160
a

7
00:01:37.160 --> 00:01:40.540
Together they combine sound and visual images

8
00:01:43.840 --> 00:01:49.640
In the same way sound and visual images must be combined for a sound film

9
00:01:53.040 --> 00:01:58.840
My god, I'm sorry. I'm late, you know, I was just sitting down there on the beach

10
00:01:59.480 --> 00:02:05.200
Listening to the waves rolling in and feeling the Sun all over my body

11
00:02:05.980 --> 00:02:10.340
It was really warm. I just lost track of the time

12
00:02:12.880 --> 00:02:17.080
You know really feel like a beautiful day today

13
00:02:21.320 --> 00:02:27.500
Perhaps the most familiar type of film sound is synchronized or sync dialogue

14
00:02:27.500 --> 00:02:35.320
That is the sounds of words are realistically matched by the movements of the characters mouths to shoot

15
00:02:36.360 --> 00:02:40.780
Record and edit sync sound is a complex procedure

16
00:02:41.940 --> 00:02:44.640
Sync shooting requires a good microphone

17
00:02:45.180 --> 00:02:48.820
Usually a directional type to cut down background noise

18
00:02:48.820 --> 00:02:54.840
The sound and picture are recorded on separate elements to provide greater flexibility in editing

19
00:02:55.400 --> 00:03:01.880
Although any good recorder may be used for music narration and most sound effects

20
00:03:01.880 --> 00:03:09.240
for sync sound a special tape recorder is needed which can be electronically synchronized to the camera and

21
00:03:11.120 --> 00:03:18.900
The camera also must be specially adapted to produce the electronic pulse which is sent to the recorder

22
00:03:20.100 --> 00:03:23.660
Then one take eight sound eight

23
00:03:24.180 --> 00:03:28.720
The slate with its clapstick is used at the beginning of each take

24
00:03:29.460 --> 00:03:35.400
To make sure that the separate sound and picture elements will be in sync when they are played back

25
00:03:35.400 --> 00:03:39.880
There must be some indication on each element at the beginning of each take

26
00:03:40.580 --> 00:03:47.820
This indication is made simultaneously on the film and on the soundtrack when the clapstick hits the slate

27
00:03:50.520 --> 00:03:51.200
The

28
00:03:51.200 --> 00:03:55.480
Numbers on the slate are called out so that they are recorded on the tape

29
00:03:56.300 --> 00:04:01.820
These enable the editor to match each soundtrack to the scene it was shot with

30
00:04:02.500 --> 00:04:06.680
The scene number refers to the scene number in the script

31
00:04:07.380 --> 00:04:12.000
The take number refers to which of the many times the scene was shot

32
00:04:13.280 --> 00:04:17.580
The soundtrack numbers run consecutively throughout the whole film

33
00:04:19.000 --> 00:04:25.080
Before the sound is edited it must be transferred to 16 millimeter magnetic film

34
00:04:25.820 --> 00:04:32.640
This magnetic film is the same width as the motion picture film and has matching sprocket holes

35
00:04:33.540 --> 00:04:37.800
This transfer should be done in a studio with the proper equipment

36
00:04:38.580 --> 00:04:43.620
Before making the transfer the director has removed all takes which are not good

37
00:04:44.820 --> 00:04:47.080
My God, I'm sorry I'm late

38
00:04:47.080 --> 00:04:49.980
You know, I was just sitting down there on the beach

39
00:04:51.020 --> 00:04:52.800
listening to the waves

40
00:04:52.800 --> 00:04:54.480
flowing in

41
00:04:54.480 --> 00:04:56.980
feeling the sun all over my body

42
00:04:57.620 --> 00:04:59.280
It's really warm

43
00:04:59.980 --> 00:05:08.240
The first step in editing a lip sync sequence is to put the soundtrack for each take in sync with its corresponding scene

44
00:05:11.040 --> 00:05:17.660
Using a viewer the editor finds the frame of the picture where the clapstick first touches the slate

45
00:05:18.580 --> 00:05:22.140
She marks it with a grease pencil

46
00:05:26.520 --> 00:05:32.540
Then using a sound box she finds the sound of the clapstick hitting the slate

47
00:05:35.140 --> 00:05:36.880
And marks its location

48
00:05:37.940 --> 00:05:43.700
She then lines up the two marks and locks the film and soundtrack into the synchronizer

49
00:05:43.700 --> 00:05:46.840
Which keeps them running in sync for editing

50
00:05:49.380 --> 00:05:56.860
Several other sync marks can now be made on the film and soundtrack and the slates and claps can be removed

51
00:05:56.860 --> 00:05:58.500
Having served their purpose

52
00:06:00.720 --> 00:06:05.620
The additional marks help to keep the editor from going astray from losing sync

53
00:06:23.600 --> 00:06:24.500
The next day

54
00:06:24.500 --> 00:06:25.940
Through her I

55
00:06:26.520 --> 00:06:30.940
Perceive a dimension of reality I lack I

56
00:06:30.940 --> 00:06:32.600
Hear the sounds of the wind

57
00:06:32.600 --> 00:06:34.740
the laughing of the wave

58
00:06:35.740 --> 00:06:37.860
the singing of the birds

59
00:06:41.520 --> 00:06:44.840
He's given me so much to experience

60
00:06:45.580 --> 00:06:50.980
Through him I see the shapes of clouds and the colors of trees

61
00:06:52.440 --> 00:06:54.540
And the golden waves

62
00:06:57.500 --> 00:07:01.260
Another way of employing speech in film is voiceover

63
00:07:01.260 --> 00:07:09.040
It can be used dramatically to represent a character's thoughts or sometimes to give dialogue when the speaker is not seen

64
00:07:09.720 --> 00:07:12.500
It can also be voiceover narration

65
00:07:12.500 --> 00:07:20.940
either in an information film such as this one or in a dramatic film where a narrator speaks with the author's voice and

66
00:07:20.940 --> 00:07:22.620
moves the story along and

67
00:07:25.020 --> 00:07:26.980
So they met often during that summer

68
00:07:27.920 --> 00:07:35.320
Their experience together was intense and complete because it came from total communication and

69
00:07:36.340 --> 00:07:37.120
love

70
00:07:39.680 --> 00:07:47.520
Editing voiceover narration is less complex than editing sync sound because the speech does not have to match lip movements

71
00:07:48.480 --> 00:07:49.560
We appear

72
00:07:51.040 --> 00:07:59.180
By using the sound equipment the editor finds the beginning of each phrase or sentence of the narration and marks it

73
00:08:00.300 --> 00:08:06.420
She finds the point in the picture where she wants this part of the narration to begin and marks it

74
00:08:08.040 --> 00:08:11.840
Then she can follow the same procedures as for lip sync editing

75
00:08:13.420 --> 00:08:20.040
Major concerns of the editor are that the narration will not start too close to the beginning of a shot and

76
00:08:21.720 --> 00:08:26.600
That it will not run over into the next shot if it is not supposed to and

77
00:08:26.600 --> 00:08:30.080
Also that it is synced with an exact action where it should be

78
00:08:40.060 --> 00:08:43.780
The use of music is very important to film sound

79
00:08:43.780 --> 00:08:47.980
Used well music can help create moods

80
00:08:47.980 --> 00:08:57.120
Comment on the action and fill in scenes which might seem dull or dead without it

81
00:08:57.120 --> 00:09:00.200
Music is edited much the same as narration

82
00:09:00.200 --> 00:09:00.200


83
00:09:01.340 --> 00:09:05.880
The editor finds the place in the picture where she wants the music to begin

84
00:09:11.980 --> 00:09:16.680
Then she adds the corresponding music to the music track at that point

85
00:09:16.680 --> 00:09:21.320
Here the corresponding music has been transferred to different color magnetic film

86
00:09:24.030 --> 00:09:30.490
If the source of the music is on screen then of course the procedures of lip sync editing must be used

87
00:09:32.490 --> 00:09:33.050
an

88
00:09:33.050 --> 00:09:40.690
Important thing to remember if the film is to be sold is that most music is copyrighted and fees must be paid to the

89
00:09:40.690 --> 00:09:41.810
artist or composer

90
00:09:42.450 --> 00:09:47.530
So if original music is ever available, it would be a good idea to use it

91
00:09:56.790 --> 00:10:02.670
This scene seems dead and lifeless because of a lack of natural sound

92
00:10:04.530 --> 00:10:08.590
An important element of film sound is sound effects

93
00:10:08.590 --> 00:10:18.590
Sometimes natural sound effects provide general background or presence like this other times. They are synced to specific actions

94
00:10:27.350 --> 00:10:34.610
Sound effects can also be used unnaturally. They can be magnified to create an effect or mood

95
00:10:44.570 --> 00:10:48.570
Sound effects are edited as a separate track and

96
00:10:48.570 --> 00:10:48.570


97
00:10:48.570 --> 00:10:53.390
Are synced on the synchronizer in the same way as the music and narration

98
00:10:53.390 --> 00:11:01.010
Blank magnetic film or clear leader is spliced into match sections of the picture where there are no sound effects

99
00:11:02.010 --> 00:11:10.530
The same procedures have been followed for this separate music track and the lip sync track which here also contains the voiceover narration

100
00:11:12.130 --> 00:11:15.410
When each of these separate tracks has been run in sync and

101
00:11:15.610 --> 00:11:23.450
Tested against the work print is time for the sound mix which will combine them into a single balanced track

102
00:11:24.570 --> 00:11:31.790
These separate tracks are placed on tape players which are synced to each other and to a recorder

103
00:11:32.710 --> 00:11:41.890
Their signals feed into the recorder through a control panel which can vary volume tone and other aspects of each sound track

104
00:12:02.610 --> 00:12:03.150
The

105
00:12:03.150 --> 00:12:11.330
Whole system also runs in sync with a projector on which the work print is projected so it can be used as a guide for the mix

106
00:12:12.190 --> 00:12:19.050
The mix is then transferred in sync to a print of the film as either a magnetic or optical track and

107
00:12:19.990 --> 00:12:21.430
The film is complete

108
00:12:51.330 --> 00:12:52.730
You