WEBVTT

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Safe working methods in utility companies today have greatly reduced the probability

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of an electric shock accident. All linemen are trained for pull-top rescue and know the

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importance of eliminating every second of delay. Don't forget to look for the cause of the accident

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and protect yourself to make sure that you too do not become a victim. Position yourself above

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the victim so that you can tilt his head back and blow air into his mouth or nose. The first

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breaths are rapid and deep to get your oxygen into the victim's lungs. Remember, he needs oxygen

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fast and you can provide it by breathing for him. Your efforts may be immediately successful. If not,

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continue rescue breathing at a rate of 12 to 15 breaths a minute. Meanwhile, call for medical

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help and more crew members to help lower the victim to the ground as soon as possible. If

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necessary, enlist the aid of a passerby. Let's go over this technique in more detail. First,

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go to the victim's aid immediately. Every second counts. Protect yourself from a similar accident.

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Take your position above and beside the victim's head. Tilt his head back and breathe into him.

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One hand holds the top of his head back and the other hand under his chin pulls his jaw forward.

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Your mouth is wide open as you seal your lips around his mouth. Your cheek presses against his

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nostrils to prevent air leakage. Each breath into him should make his chest expand. Listen to the

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air as it comes back out. Here's a problem. The victim's teeth are clenched. Solution,

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switch to mouth to nose rescue breathing. In this method, pull the chin forward and

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press his lower lip upward with your thumb to prevent air leakage. Your widely opened

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mouth should cover his nose without pinching his nostrils. Remember, you are breathing for

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two people, so breathe deeper than normal. And remember also to keep an eye on his chest,

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watching for the rhythmic rise and fall. In this demonstration, the chest is completely free of

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contact with the pole. This is unimportant. A tight body belt or pressure against the pole does not

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restrict inflation because the chest expands in all directions. To see how these positions of

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holding the head and chin open the air passages, let's use this model showing the inside of the

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victim's throat. There are two ways to correct this obstruction. First, tilt the victim's head

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back fully to move the tongue forward, leaving space through the throat for the air to reach

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the lungs. Then pull the chin upward to further enlarge the air passage. Now the victim is ready

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to receive your breath blown through his mouth or through his nose. Here again are these two methods.

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For mouth-to-mouth breathing, pull the lower lip down to open his mouth. Open your mouth wide and

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seal it over his. Blow air into him. With each inflation, press your cheek against his nostrils

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to prevent air leakage. Then let him breathe out by himself. If his teeth are tightly clenched,

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close his lips and seal your mouth widely around the nose. Then blow air through his nose. Keep

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blowing until you see his chest rise. Listen to make sure he breathes out easily as you open his

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mouth with your thumb. Here are the seven points you must remember. Don't delay. Every second

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counts. Protect yourself. This victim did not. Position the victim's head by tilting it back

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and by pulling his chin up. Take a deep breath and start rescue breathing. Watch to make sure

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the victim's chest rises as you blow air into him and listen to him breathe out. Meanwhile,

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your fellow crew members will have summoned medical help and will be preparing to lower

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the victim. Most important, the change of his color from gray or blue to pink is proof that

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rescue breathing is working. Remember these seven points. Each one is important for a successful

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pull-top rescue. Some pull-top rescues are complicated by the victim's position on the

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pull or its equipment. In this instance, the victim is slumped over the inside primary on a

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double extension arm. Now that you have learned the basic principles, how would you rescue him?

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This victim was shocked while working on a transformer bank. You must plan a safe way

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to reach him quickly without injury to yourself. How will you do it? Here's a man on a high junction

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pole. How would you safely approach him and how would you position him? In every case,

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you must know the principles of pull-top procedure to plan a safe approach and a successful rescue.

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If you plan to discuss these problem rescues, turn the projector off now.

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Your discussion probably resulted in several correct workable approaches. Whatever your

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approach, be sure to protect yourself. Perhaps no two linemen would approach and position the

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victim in exactly the same manner. This lineman decided to pull the victim clear of the primary

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and then start rescue breathing with the victim in the sitting position. Once the victim was

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straightened up and clear of the contact, the rescuer found it fairly easy to start rescue

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breathing and at the same time keep himself clear of the primary. The victim on the transformer

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bank had failed to protect himself. The rescuer decided to have the spur line de-energized before

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approaching the victim. Otherwise, it would have been necessary to use rubber equipment for protection.

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In this case, de-energizing the line was the quicker of the two alternatives. This is the

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kind of decision you must be prepared to make quickly. No matter how complicated the construction

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may be and whatever the victim's position, a resourceful lineman can find a way to approach

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the rescue safely. This rescuer could see that the victim had covered the primaries on the buck

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arms. Therefore, his major problem was to decide how to position the victim for rescue breathing.

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Once he reached the top, there was no difficulty in moving the victim's legs to straddle the buck

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arms. The rescuer then pulled the victim off the cross arms. These three problems have demonstrated

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the versatility of pole-top rescue. Regardless of the victim's position, whether upright,

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horizontal, or sitting, you can improvise an approach for safe and effective rescue breathing.

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Without jeopardizing the victim's chances of recovery, rescue breathing can be interrupted

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for as long as 30 seconds. This should be sufficient time to lower the victim to the

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ground, providing the necessary equipment and adequate assistance have become available.

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With the victim on the ground, it is easier to continue rescue breathing. Remember, it is better

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that you know how to revive a lineman and never use the knowledge than to see your fellow lineman

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die because you don't know pole-top rescue.

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When medical help arrives, the physician can quickly determine from his examination of the victim

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how well you did your job.

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The victim's pink color and his strong heartbeat are sure signs of a successful rescue, a rescue

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that will never be needed if you keep safety in mind as you plan your work and work your plan.

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Dr. William B. Kauenhoven of Johns Hopkins University is of the opinion, based on experimental

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evidence and a study of a large number of Edison Electric Institute reports of successful

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resuscitation cases, that the Osterreich pole-top method of artificial respiration will provide some

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circulation of the blood in addition to the ventilation of the lungs. It is important that

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your hands be positioned on the victim's abdomen correctly if effective resuscitation is to take

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place. Your arms encircle the victim's waist. Both hands are placed on the abdomen with the thumbs

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just below the lower ribs. With your arms and hands, compress the victim's abdomen with an

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upward motion. At the finish of this stroke, your hands should be cupped with the fingers

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depressing the abdomen under the rib margin. The pressure is then quickly released and the

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procedure is repeated at the rate of 30 times a minute.

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Positioning the victim is an important part of the Osterreich technique. Here is one common method.

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You start at a point below the victim and hitchhike up the pole with your safety strap between the

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victim's legs. In this manner, the rescuer's strap eventually carries the weight of the victim,

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thereby releasing the strain on the victim's strap. When this has been accomplished,

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you are ready to begin resuscitation. Here's another method. Pole construction or other

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circumstances may dictate use of the leg-over method in getting proper position. To do this

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most effectively, keep your strap high on the pole in the vicinity of the victim's waist.

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Your position is correct if you are beside him and able to reach down and grasp the ankle

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nearest you. While leaning back into your strap, lift the victim's leg over your head and across

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the strap. Of course, be careful to avoid gaffing yourself. Then shift his hips into a sitting

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position, straddling your safety strap. At this point, you are ready to start resuscitation.

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With the victim sitting on your strap, tilt his head back as far as it will go. Grasp the victim

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around the waist with your fingers touching and your palms against the center of his abdomen,

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just below the lower ribs. Then squeeze the victim's abdomen by pulling in and up with your

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arms and hands. The pressure is quickly released, applied again, and released at a rate of 30 times

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a minute. Whatever method is used to position and revive the victim, you must summon medical aid

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and plan to lower him to the ground as soon as adequate help is available.

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Remember these seven basic rules and the reasons for them.

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Move immediately to help the victim. Be sure to protect yourself.

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Get him into proper position and start resuscitation. To be certain of an exchange

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of air, keep the head tilted back, call for medical aid, and lower the victim to the ground

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as soon as adequate help is available. Through continued practice of pole top rescue methods

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and by following these rules, you can be ready to save the life of an electric shock victim.

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And through continued use of approved work methods plus effective planning, you can reduce

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or even eliminate electric shock accidents in your crew.