WEBVTT 1 00:00:24.100 --> 00:00:25.500 You 2 00:00:34.740 --> 00:00:35.640 you 3 00:00:44.840 --> 00:00:52.080 From the beginning laws affect our lives and we affect the law 4 00:00:52.760 --> 00:00:53.980 But how? 5 00:00:54.720 --> 00:00:56.360 Do we really understand the law? 6 00:00:56.940 --> 00:00:59.680 How much do we know about our rights? 7 00:01:00.740 --> 00:01:01.300 responsibilities 8 00:01:01.880 --> 00:01:07.360 What happens when a student asks citizens to support the Bill of Rights protection against self-incrimination? 9 00:01:08.640 --> 00:01:14.480 Urging that he adopted a resolution stating that people should not be forced to testify against themselves. No, why not? 10 00:01:17.000 --> 00:01:24.000 Well, I usually don't sign anything without my husband's consent well, there's very little here no, I don't think so I don't have time 11 00:01:24.760 --> 00:01:25.240 Oh 12 00:01:25.840 --> 00:01:27.260 Excuse me, sir 13 00:01:27.260 --> 00:01:33.480 Would you be willing to sign a petition to the president urging that he adopt a resolution stating that people shouldn't have to testify against themselves? 14 00:01:37.020 --> 00:01:40.900 Well, I don't usually I don't usually get into I don't have to get involved really 15 00:01:44.120 --> 00:01:45.840 Let's say that again 16 00:01:46.660 --> 00:01:51.200 No, thank you very much. I'm in a hurry right heck. Yes. Hell no 17 00:01:51.860 --> 00:01:56.940 Would you be willing to sign a petition to the president urging that people not be forced to testify against themselves 18 00:02:01.020 --> 00:02:06.900 Many Americans have very little understanding of the Constitution and of the Bill of Rights in particular 19 00:02:07.740 --> 00:02:09.400 Is it entirely their fault? 20 00:02:10.560 --> 00:02:14.220 What have our schools done to teach the Constitution and the Bill of Rights? 21 00:02:15.040 --> 00:02:18.060 Students have been asked to memorize them not to understand them 22 00:02:19.140 --> 00:02:24.960 Only when students have a deep awareness of the meaning of justice liberty equality 23 00:02:25.980 --> 00:02:26.520 responsibility 24 00:02:27.220 --> 00:02:33.860 Authority will they be effective citizens who realize how fragile is the rule of law and 25 00:02:34.760 --> 00:02:36.920 How easily it can be shattered? 26 00:02:38.980 --> 00:02:41.580 No, oh no 27 00:02:41.580 --> 00:02:42.800 No 28 00:02:42.800 --> 00:02:49.640 I don't know they should testify. I don't know. I don't know our basic rights are being threatened 29 00:02:49.640 --> 00:02:52.880 I definitely think there is a threat to freedom of speech today 30 00:02:52.880 --> 00:02:56.380 The Bill of Rights has been under attack and other things such as gun control legislation 31 00:02:56.380 --> 00:02:59.500 I believe that Congress should have more power than the president 32 00:02:59.500 --> 00:03:03.720 I think the amount of money spent has a lot to do with how the elections turn out. I have most 33 00:03:05.080 --> 00:03:12.060 Most sincere confidence in most politicians represent me on many issues today troubled young people some are big 34 00:03:12.800 --> 00:03:15.840 Some are small most involved law 35 00:03:15.840 --> 00:03:23.780 Will young people seek solutions within the framework of the law if they understand the potential for change within our legal system 36 00:03:23.780 --> 00:03:28.840 They will exercise lawful means to make their influence felt as citizens 37 00:03:29.400 --> 00:03:32.960 And if we just let the environment go that means we're letting ourselves go 38 00:03:33.480 --> 00:03:36.860 Sooner or later, we're not gonna be able to breathe and who cares if you can't breathe 39 00:03:36.860 --> 00:03:39.440 You're not gonna be able to get involved with all the other things that we 40 00:03:40.500 --> 00:03:46.600 Put our minds to the drug problems becoming very serious because it's moving from the city to the suburbs law and order are emphasized 41 00:03:46.600 --> 00:03:50.140 Much more than justice now law and order or not is somewhat 42 00:03:51.060 --> 00:03:52.580 It's made to be good 43 00:03:52.580 --> 00:03:59.400 But somehow it's changed around for certain people that they don't have to follow law and order as other people have to follow it 44 00:03:59.400 --> 00:04:04.260 I believe in change through the system change is very necessary. I think the thing that young people have to 45 00:04:05.380 --> 00:04:07.220 counteract is the apathy which has been 46 00:04:08.120 --> 00:04:12.620 Sort of inherited from our older generation and demonstrations are essential 47 00:04:12.620 --> 00:04:18.500 And if you can't work within the system, then obviously you're gonna have to work without it if that means 48 00:04:21.200 --> 00:04:22.780 Demonstrating our out now 49 00:04:23.880 --> 00:04:24.500 confrontation 50 00:04:25.240 --> 00:04:29.000 The judge always advises the defendant of his rights 51 00:04:29.620 --> 00:04:33.340 But it's much too late to learn about the law when you appear in court 52 00:04:34.450 --> 00:04:40.990 Every day young people come before the court and for the first time they discover what their rights are 53 00:04:42.070 --> 00:04:47.370 Today there is an urgent need for law related studies in our school. He's got to let me in 54 00:04:48.490 --> 00:04:55.670 Gentlemen gentlemen, just a minute. Don't be so hasty try to look at it from each other's point of view 55 00:04:55.670 --> 00:05:01.230 That's right. Think about how the deer feels. It wasn't his fault that he lost his hat 56 00:05:01.230 --> 00:05:06.590 Why should the deer have to go to the end of the line now and miss that I'm getting impressed himself 57 00:05:06.590 --> 00:05:10.550 Yeah, but think about how Eddie feels. He didn't know you were here before 58 00:05:11.450 --> 00:05:13.390 It's not his fault the deer got out of line 59 00:05:14.170 --> 00:05:20.550 Besides Eddie may never get to come back to the Wizards birthday again. So it certainly won't be fair to Eddie if he lets you back in 60 00:05:21.670 --> 00:05:25.170 Well, what are you gonna do? Are you gonna let me in or not? 61 00:05:25.970 --> 00:05:26.650 Yes, Eddie 62 00:05:26.650 --> 00:05:29.110 What are you going to do? 63 00:05:29.110 --> 00:05:33.250 I'm not sure it's just so hard to know what's fair 64 00:05:33.250 --> 00:05:39.050 The deer was here first and he probably waited longer than I did but I'm here now 65 00:05:39.670 --> 00:05:43.070 Should I give up my spot just because he decided to come back? 66 00:05:43.910 --> 00:05:45.570 What is the fair thing to do? 67 00:05:59.270 --> 00:06:01.430 Boys and girls in the film 68 00:06:02.050 --> 00:06:06.870 One of the last pictures that we saw said what's fair? Do you remember that? 69 00:06:08.070 --> 00:06:13.510 And Eddie had quite a problem there at the end, didn't he? What did he have to decide? Who remembers? 70 00:06:14.050 --> 00:06:15.510 Chancherelle, what did he have to decide? 71 00:06:16.830 --> 00:06:21.930 What was fair and what what were the things that he had to decide from? 72 00:06:23.710 --> 00:06:23.850 Michelle 73 00:06:23.850 --> 00:06:26.290 I guess to give the 74 00:06:28.190 --> 00:06:34.750 Dear the present or temple hand to keep it. Yes. Was that quite a difficult decision for him to make? 75 00:06:35.010 --> 00:06:36.930 All right. Let's pretend something 76 00:06:36.930 --> 00:06:43.990 Let's pretend that Eddie just really couldn't figure out an answer because that was a hard thing to decide 77 00:06:43.990 --> 00:06:49.070 So he called us up here and he said I've got a terrible decision 78 00:06:49.070 --> 00:06:52.370 I have to make I wonder if you can help me with it 79 00:06:53.230 --> 00:06:59.450 And we said, all right, we'll try now, let's see if we can come to some decision about their problem Julia 80 00:06:59.450 --> 00:07:02.490 What would you decide? I would decide 81 00:07:03.070 --> 00:07:09.930 See Eddie wouldn't be there too much longer. The deer is always there. So Eddie should get the present 82 00:07:10.790 --> 00:07:15.410 What would you do? I think he should share it with him 83 00:07:15.410 --> 00:07:19.990 And then if it's more than one thing he takes part of it 84 00:07:19.990 --> 00:07:26.070 And the deer can take the other part and but if Eddie didn't want it he could just give it to the deer 85 00:07:27.310 --> 00:07:34.870 All right, so they would share it they would each get some do you think that that could cause another problem that they would have? 86 00:07:36.670 --> 00:07:41.030 Think that would come to that. Yeah, what would that new problem be? 87 00:07:43.110 --> 00:07:49.330 Alexandra it would be which person want what if they both wanted the thing? 88 00:07:49.990 --> 00:07:56.630 And what if they couldn't split then what do you think it would be worth trying that solution to the problem? 89 00:07:57.050 --> 00:07:58.910 Yeah, but they might not be able to do it 90 00:07:59.890 --> 00:08:02.910 Does anything ever happen to you that kind of reminds you of this? 91 00:08:04.930 --> 00:08:05.530 filmstrip 92 00:08:07.430 --> 00:08:10.830 Law studies must start when the child starts school 93 00:08:11.930 --> 00:08:19.970 Basic concepts of law like fairness offer youngsters the opportunity to improve their moral judgment as well as their ability to reason 94 00:08:19.990 --> 00:08:24.530 The teachers art is to find materials that the child can understand 95 00:08:25.870 --> 00:08:29.190 Okay today we're gonna play a game and for lack of a better name 96 00:08:29.190 --> 00:08:34.290 We're gonna call it the buckle game because these are buckles and I want each one of you to take one so I will 97 00:08:35.550 --> 00:08:41.330 Start with Jimmy and with Philip take one pass them along and as soon as everybody gets one play the game 98 00:08:51.470 --> 00:08:55.310 What's the object you need an object you need rules 99 00:08:59.630 --> 00:09:01.390 You have to know what to do with it 100 00:09:04.030 --> 00:09:06.530 Okay, let's get some rules then Jimmy 101 00:09:06.530 --> 00:09:09.790 Let's start with you give me a rule the kinds of things that I try and 102 00:09:10.490 --> 00:09:15.530 Do with my kids in the classroom is to get them to think and to learn how to make decisions. I 103 00:09:15.530 --> 00:09:16.710 want them 104 00:09:17.450 --> 00:09:19.450 To see why we need rules 105 00:09:19.990 --> 00:09:25.910 But I also want them to have their opinions and to be able to voice their opinions and show 106 00:09:27.090 --> 00:09:31.370 reasons for their opinions based on the concepts of law 107 00:09:31.370 --> 00:09:39.110 They relate so beautifully that it carries out into the hallway. Sometimes the discussions have started in the classroom. They get very 108 00:09:39.110 --> 00:09:41.190 emotionally involved I don't 109 00:09:41.970 --> 00:09:44.690 drill rights into kids though I do 110 00:09:44.870 --> 00:09:51.510 Incorporate the responsibilities that go go along with every right that the kids have and the kids realize that you know 111 00:09:51.510 --> 00:09:59.490 there are conflict situations in the world and in their everyday lives and the conflicts are resolved by two people sitting down and compromising or discussing them or 112 00:09:59.490 --> 00:10:00.830 having a 113 00:10:00.830 --> 00:10:05.070 Neutral party to help resolve the conflicts and isn't that the basis of law to begin with? 114 00:10:14.870 --> 00:10:24.930 I said that games need rules but they need rules that are reasonable, sensible, not contradictory, organized, have some kind of purpose. 115 00:10:25.130 --> 00:10:31.010 Okay, I will give you a purpose to a game that we're going to play and I will give you the rules that you have to follow 116 00:10:31.010 --> 00:10:36.230 When it gets back up to the front the team that's the quietest with their hands raised wins, okay? 117 00:10:36.610 --> 00:10:39.950 Easy, easy directions, rules, purpose, everything you said you needed. 118 00:10:40.490 --> 00:10:42.790 Ready, set, go. 119 00:10:44.950 --> 00:10:49.810 Oh, hold it, wait a minute, wait a minute, wait a minute. I forgot to tell you a rule. Okay, come back to the front again. 120 00:10:51.650 --> 00:10:55.750 And this time would you pass it with your left hand over your left shoulder? I forgot to tell you, okay? 121 00:10:59.050 --> 00:10:59.370 Ready? 122 00:11:00.330 --> 00:11:04.210 Okay, got it in front again. Left hand over the left shoulder and then up to the front, right? 123 00:11:04.370 --> 00:11:07.650 Everybody's all set on the rules. Ready, set, go. 124 00:11:10.890 --> 00:11:13.950 Oh, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I forgot another rule. Bring it up front again. 125 00:11:14.870 --> 00:11:15.770 I don't have any more rules. 126 00:11:16.470 --> 00:11:17.230 What's the problem? 127 00:11:17.410 --> 00:11:20.550 They keep interrupting us and saying, oh, I forgot to tell you this rule. 128 00:11:20.870 --> 00:11:21.490 So tell them. 129 00:11:21.610 --> 00:11:23.930 So I have to tell you all the rules first? 130 00:11:23.970 --> 00:11:24.770 All the rules right now. 131 00:11:24.930 --> 00:11:25.650 All the rules. 132 00:11:25.750 --> 00:11:26.610 Every rule. 133 00:11:26.670 --> 00:11:27.910 All of them together. 134 00:11:28.210 --> 00:11:28.210 135 00:11:28.550 --> 00:11:29.030 Okay. 136 00:11:29.690 --> 00:11:31.350 All right, let's try all of the rules. 137 00:11:31.790 --> 00:11:32.930 Ready, set, go. 138 00:11:46.330 --> 00:11:51.270 There's a winner. There's a second. There's a third and there's a fourth. Okay, sit down. 139 00:11:52.190 --> 00:11:55.010 No subject is more relevant than the law. 140 00:11:55.630 --> 00:11:59.210 Students are involved in living issues of immediate concern to them. 141 00:11:59.850 --> 00:12:04.090 Juvenile law, environmental law, drug law, consumer law. 142 00:12:04.770 --> 00:12:07.090 The right to assemble peaceably on the streets. 143 00:12:08.030 --> 00:12:09.650 The right to dissent. 144 00:12:09.650 --> 00:12:18.850 The Tinker case dealt with a high school student who was forbidden to wear a black armband to school in protest against the war in Vietnam. 145 00:12:19.770 --> 00:12:21.210 Students discuss the issues. 146 00:12:21.350 --> 00:12:22.130 You think that's right? 147 00:12:22.650 --> 00:12:24.510 No, but that's a different story. 148 00:12:25.050 --> 00:12:25.150 That's a different story. 149 00:12:26.070 --> 00:12:27.790 You're not going to hurt anybody. 150 00:12:27.990 --> 00:12:32.950 It's a different story because it's bad in my case and good in our case. 151 00:12:33.410 --> 00:12:33.410 152 00:12:33.410 --> 00:12:42.650 We're doing the issues group and we decided that the people have the right to speak that have dressed however they wanted. 153 00:12:43.590 --> 00:12:59.330 I think that the principal had a right to say that they shouldn't be wearing the ambience because the discussion was that if you wear a shirt and this person doesn't like a shirt, then does that give them the right to clobber you? 154 00:12:59.330 --> 00:13:05.210 Well, they said that the shirt isn't telling anyone that they're in a separate group. 155 00:13:05.510 --> 00:13:06.490 The ambience are. 156 00:13:06.630 --> 00:13:12.090 And I think they can express being in a different group where they don't have to say they're in a different group. 157 00:13:12.210 --> 00:13:18.570 Just them knowing they're in a different group is good enough that they don't have to cause them trouble just to prove that they're in a different group. 158 00:13:18.570 --> 00:13:23.470 They want to prove that they are in a separate group. 159 00:13:23.470 --> 00:13:29.850 And I think that a little black piece of material strapped around your arm couldn't cause a riot. 160 00:13:30.130 --> 00:13:39.170 If it did, I don't think that these three people should be balanced. 161 00:13:39.330 --> 00:13:40.790 Well, it might be. 162 00:13:41.710 --> 00:13:42.750 Well, it might. 163 00:13:43.370 --> 00:13:48.830 So they should sort of compromise having maybe outdoor recess but not during the classes. 164 00:13:49.290 --> 00:13:52.110 Well, it would be more apt to have an outdoor recess. 165 00:13:53.610 --> 00:13:57.690 But they can go say in one part of the playground, the other one, the other. 166 00:13:57.870 --> 00:14:00.050 And they can do sculpts one of their separate ways. 167 00:14:00.470 --> 00:14:03.730 I know, but they don't want to be two different groups. 168 00:14:03.790 --> 00:14:07.650 They want to be all together and they want to get as many people to join them as they can. 169 00:14:07.710 --> 00:14:09.070 Why do they want to be all together? 170 00:14:09.890 --> 00:14:12.050 They're not trying to annoy these people. 171 00:14:12.430 --> 00:14:18.370 They just try to tell them, prove to them that they're in this group. 172 00:14:18.370 --> 00:14:24.450 Like Catholic people, they may wear a cross to prove that they're Catholic or something like that. 173 00:14:24.750 --> 00:14:26.370 And you can't go around and club them. 174 00:14:26.850 --> 00:14:28.270 What Ann said is right. 175 00:14:28.450 --> 00:14:29.990 They're just expressing themselves. 176 00:14:30.210 --> 00:14:37.250 If the other people don't like it, they could just leave and tell them they don't like it a lot. 177 00:14:37.590 --> 00:14:38.530 And the same thing. 178 00:14:38.590 --> 00:14:41.090 The other people are expressing themselves too. 179 00:14:41.650 --> 00:14:44.510 Well, because they're not for it. 180 00:14:44.510 --> 00:14:45.650 They're not wearing them. 181 00:14:45.650 --> 00:14:47.430 Yeah, but they got to consider. 182 00:14:48.990 --> 00:14:54.470 Law-related education also can open to our students lawful ways of initiating change, 183 00:14:55.010 --> 00:14:57.490 both in the school and in the community. 184 00:14:58.630 --> 00:15:02.870 Peaceful change can be very encouraging to students who have seen violence in the streets, 185 00:15:03.370 --> 00:15:04.610 fail to bring change. 186 00:15:04.810 --> 00:15:10.510 Or take something out of context which is detrimental to either their position as a legislator or my position as a lobbyist. 187 00:15:10.530 --> 00:15:11.310 I'm finished. 188 00:15:11.310 --> 00:15:15.450 I said, what steps, you know, you have to take to become a lobbyist? 189 00:15:15.730 --> 00:15:18.110 To be a lobbyist, you need really two things. 190 00:15:18.490 --> 00:15:21.110 You need a client and you need a cause. 191 00:15:22.270 --> 00:15:24.850 Anybody can go to Trenton and lobby. 192 00:15:25.630 --> 00:15:28.250 You can lobby for your own interests in Trenton. 193 00:15:28.430 --> 00:15:33.110 You walk in to Trenton, you walk up to a legislator, and you say, 194 00:15:33.270 --> 00:15:39.130 Assemblyman Florio, if that might be the case, I'd like to talk to you for a minute about a problem we've got. 195 00:15:39.990 --> 00:15:42.290 And you are a lobbyist. 196 00:15:42.530 --> 00:15:46.050 Senator, we understand that you're opposed to the legislation. 197 00:15:46.250 --> 00:15:48.570 Are there any questions that I might be able to answer for you? 198 00:15:48.670 --> 00:15:52.570 Yes, I don't feel that the 18-year-olds are old enough to really have the vote. 199 00:15:52.730 --> 00:15:55.670 I don't think they're capable of knowing what they're voting for yet. 200 00:15:56.090 --> 00:16:02.130 Well, our feeling is that with television, the media, participation in the classroom, 201 00:16:02.750 --> 00:16:06.950 that 18-year-olds are as equally informed as their parents are. 202 00:16:07.610 --> 00:16:11.090 Yeah, but they're still kids. 18-year-olds, they're still kids. 203 00:16:11.230 --> 00:16:13.070 You're only as young as you feel, Senator. 204 00:16:15.730 --> 00:16:19.610 In all seriousness, though, we have to draw the line someplace. 205 00:16:20.110 --> 00:16:24.510 18-year-olds are a vital part of society today. 206 00:16:24.870 --> 00:16:26.810 With the 18-year-olds... 207 00:16:27.630 --> 00:16:29.670 Assemblyman Yates, can I have you for a few minutes? 208 00:16:29.810 --> 00:16:30.570 Oh, yeah, sure. 209 00:16:31.490 --> 00:16:33.870 I'm Ronald McNigley of the 40 Cross High School. 210 00:16:34.030 --> 00:16:35.190 Peter Pickney from the North. 211 00:16:35.190 --> 00:16:36.470 Hi, Peter. Nice to meet you. 212 00:16:36.790 --> 00:16:39.970 We're from the Institute for Political Education, 213 00:16:40.130 --> 00:16:44.150 and we'd like to discuss with you the bill in front of the assembly 214 00:16:44.150 --> 00:16:48.870 to lower the majority age from 21 to 18 for assembly members to debate. 215 00:16:49.450 --> 00:16:53.490 The purpose of the party's procedure basically is to maintain order within the chamber. 216 00:16:54.250 --> 00:16:57.910 There's also the basic language at any public meeting. 217 00:16:58.750 --> 00:17:01.150 Ms. Elizabeth Brennan introduces the following bill, 218 00:17:01.590 --> 00:17:03.770 to ensure newsmen the right of free press, 219 00:17:03.770 --> 00:17:07.310 whereas a requirement of free press is the privilege of newsmen 220 00:17:07.310 --> 00:17:09.850 to keep their sources of information confidential, 221 00:17:10.290 --> 00:17:11.190 and whereas this privilege... 222 00:17:11.190 --> 00:17:16.430 Basically, this bill provides newsmen the right to keep confidential their sources of information, 223 00:17:16.890 --> 00:17:20.030 but the purpose behind this bill, I feel, goes a lot deeper than that. 224 00:17:20.270 --> 00:17:24.670 Professor Paul Freund of Harvard Law School has identified three important purposes 225 00:17:24.670 --> 00:17:26.790 served by law studies in the schools. 226 00:17:27.750 --> 00:17:31.650 First, they help develop moral and ethical reasoning. 227 00:17:32.830 --> 00:17:37.250 Second, they help students appreciate and understand the legal system, 228 00:17:37.850 --> 00:17:41.250 which affects so many kinds of transactions between people. 229 00:17:42.310 --> 00:17:48.290 And third, they can give the kind of legal information that is important for young people to know. 230 00:17:48.470 --> 00:17:52.850 Do you feel that it's the fault of the person that leaked it out about anything like this, 231 00:17:52.870 --> 00:17:54.630 or the fault of the person that printed it? 232 00:17:54.930 --> 00:17:58.590 I see no fault at all. I think the public has a right to be informed. 233 00:17:58.690 --> 00:17:59.770 I mean, time. 234 00:18:00.510 --> 00:18:03.530 We are now open for speaker against the bill. 235 00:18:04.050 --> 00:18:06.130 Number three, you have the floor. Four minutes. 236 00:18:06.470 --> 00:18:07.770 Thank you. 237 00:18:10.030 --> 00:18:15.490 This bill protecting the sources of newsmen, the information will be fine, provided that... 238 00:18:15.490 --> 00:18:18.990 Before students can learn, teachers must learn. 239 00:18:19.390 --> 00:18:25.790 In exciting in-service training classes, teachers learn by doing, by case studies, 240 00:18:26.490 --> 00:18:29.570 simulation exercises, and social dramas, 241 00:18:30.610 --> 00:18:33.870 the techniques they'll later bring to their own classrooms. 242 00:18:36.070 --> 00:18:38.770 Lawyers and law students can play an important role. 243 00:18:40.050 --> 00:18:45.470 They have a great opportunity to participate with educators in teacher training programs 244 00:18:45.470 --> 00:18:48.170 and in development of curriculum materials. 245 00:18:48.570 --> 00:18:55.130 So a trial began, a trial that Yosarian or Alice in Wonderland could appreciate. 246 00:18:55.790 --> 00:18:57.630 She scared me. 247 00:18:57.830 --> 00:18:59.130 How did she scare you? 248 00:19:02.090 --> 00:19:03.790 She bit me. 249 00:19:06.070 --> 00:19:07.370 My wench. 250 00:19:08.850 --> 00:19:10.470 She stuck me with pins. 251 00:19:12.410 --> 00:19:20.550 She pinched me, she stuck me with pins, and she even tried to make me write my name in the devil's book. 252 00:19:20.550 --> 00:19:26.250 Then another time she came to me in the form of a wolf, and I knew it was Sarah all the time. 253 00:19:26.870 --> 00:19:28.150 Why do you hurt the children, Sarah? 254 00:19:28.190 --> 00:19:29.090 I hurt no children. 255 00:19:29.950 --> 00:19:30.890 Who hurts them then? 256 00:19:30.890 --> 00:19:32.270 I don't know who hurts them. 257 00:19:32.650 --> 00:19:33.550 They say you hurt them. 258 00:19:33.590 --> 00:19:34.910 You accused me falsely. 259 00:19:38.050 --> 00:19:39.590 Have you made a contract with the devil? 260 00:19:39.610 --> 00:19:40.990 I've made a contract with no one. 261 00:19:41.810 --> 00:19:43.730 You have never written your name in the devil's book? 262 00:19:43.730 --> 00:19:45.310 I've never done no such thing. 263 00:19:45.590 --> 00:19:46.930 Why do you torment the children, Sarah? 264 00:19:46.930 --> 00:19:48.610 Torment children? I do no such thing. 265 00:19:48.810 --> 00:19:49.570 Well, who torments them? 266 00:19:49.570 --> 00:19:51.150 How do I know who torments them? 267 00:19:51.490 --> 00:19:52.590 You accused me falsely. 268 00:19:52.670 --> 00:19:54.150 Why have you made a contract with the devil? 269 00:19:54.190 --> 00:19:55.790 I have made no contract with the devil. 270 00:19:56.710 --> 00:19:58.790 You know that God will you to speak honestly here? 271 00:19:58.790 --> 00:20:00.770 I speak honestly. I'm God-fearing. 272 00:20:01.250 --> 00:20:01.970 You pray? 273 00:20:02.150 --> 00:20:02.910 Yes, I pray. 274 00:20:02.950 --> 00:20:03.830 To whom do you pray? 275 00:20:03.830 --> 00:20:04.710 I pray to God. 276 00:20:04.990 --> 00:20:05.590 Which God? 277 00:20:05.670 --> 00:20:07.010 I pray to the only God. 278 00:20:09.790 --> 00:20:10.910 That'll be all. 279 00:20:12.910 --> 00:20:15.150 I am innocent as an unborn lamb. 280 00:20:16.190 --> 00:20:17.650 I have been accused falsely. 281 00:20:18.450 --> 00:20:23.790 Sarah Good, this court must review the evidence 282 00:20:23.790 --> 00:20:27.330 and take under advisement the testimony given 283 00:20:27.330 --> 00:20:30.190 and ultimately render a decision. 284 00:20:31.210 --> 00:20:33.650 In the meantime, you will be remanded 285 00:20:34.790 --> 00:20:36.350 into the custody of the jail. 286 00:20:37.430 --> 00:20:39.090 I ask you seek your God. 287 00:20:39.470 --> 00:20:42.590 Look at the horrors that took place in 1692. 288 00:20:42.890 --> 00:20:46.910 Given a fall of China in 1950, 289 00:20:46.910 --> 00:20:51.970 an Algerian case, and some sagging of our economy 290 00:20:51.970 --> 00:20:54.530 happening all at one time, we're capable of 291 00:20:54.530 --> 00:20:57.490 horrible things, calling our witches communists this time. 292 00:20:57.970 --> 00:20:59.390 Are you going to load it that way though? 293 00:20:59.630 --> 00:21:02.370 No, no, I think we'll be careful against loading it the other way. 294 00:21:02.670 --> 00:21:06.010 Dan, do you see this kind of technique as having some appeal 295 00:21:06.010 --> 00:21:11.230 for the young girl you described to us earlier who cannot read 296 00:21:11.850 --> 00:21:15.470 and who has a very real learning problem? 297 00:21:15.470 --> 00:21:19.090 Could you appeal to her through this kind of teaching techniques? 298 00:21:19.550 --> 00:21:23.510 I think that it is really good because 299 00:21:23.510 --> 00:21:27.850 where kids cannot read, many times they are compensated 300 00:21:27.850 --> 00:21:32.870 by the fact that they can dramatize it, you know, act it out. 301 00:21:34.490 --> 00:21:37.010 So now let the jury consider their verdict. 302 00:21:37.250 --> 00:21:41.190 No, no, sentence for a spurious Jesuit. Off with their heads! 303 00:21:41.190 --> 00:21:45.790 Are there any safeguards we have in our judicial system, in our courts, 304 00:21:46.230 --> 00:21:48.250 nowadays that would prevent something like what we saw 305 00:21:48.250 --> 00:21:50.170 and what we participated in? David? 306 00:21:50.530 --> 00:21:52.750 You have to have a lawyer when you're in trials. 307 00:21:53.350 --> 00:21:54.930 What else should you have, Vinnie? 308 00:21:55.310 --> 00:21:56.890 You should know your Bill of Rights. 309 00:21:57.530 --> 00:22:01.430 Anyone have any questions? Mr. Lindner from Washington University, 310 00:22:01.630 --> 00:22:04.950 a law court will be coming and discussing those questions 311 00:22:04.950 --> 00:22:06.930 and hopefully answering these questions for us. 312 00:22:06.930 --> 00:22:11.630 Today we are here to prove that Mrs. Denkins is guilty 313 00:22:11.630 --> 00:22:12.930 of the charges brought upon her. 314 00:22:13.830 --> 00:22:14.530 We know that... 315 00:22:14.530 --> 00:22:18.590 We are here to prove... 316 00:22:18.590 --> 00:22:21.790 Throughout the country, lawyers and law students are beginning 317 00:22:21.790 --> 00:22:24.210 to visit classrooms to help students. 318 00:22:25.230 --> 00:22:27.790 Attorney William Gibson, a leader in the movement to bring 319 00:22:27.790 --> 00:22:29.870 law-related studies into the schools. 320 00:22:29.990 --> 00:22:33.510 You give the youngsters an opportunity to analyze what is a trial, 321 00:22:34.030 --> 00:22:36.570 who are the parties, what are their roles, 322 00:22:36.570 --> 00:22:38.930 what are the problems in conducting a trial, 323 00:22:39.410 --> 00:22:42.130 what is the intent, what is the objective of a trial. 324 00:22:42.630 --> 00:22:45.490 In other words, that they should undergo surgery 325 00:22:46.050 --> 00:22:48.930 before they're given an opportunity to really conduct one. 326 00:22:49.490 --> 00:22:54.250 Then let them go with a problem and let them design the trial themselves. 327 00:22:55.330 --> 00:22:59.830 Make mistakes, excellent, good, but let them walk out of the classroom 328 00:22:59.830 --> 00:23:03.290 not saying, gee, you were a great judge, 329 00:23:03.630 --> 00:23:05.350 well, how did you like me as the prosecutor? 330 00:23:05.350 --> 00:23:07.330 Well, but have them going out. 331 00:23:07.470 --> 00:23:10.610 I disagreed with that point of law. 332 00:23:10.850 --> 00:23:15.110 I think, you know, or I thought, or, you know, 333 00:23:15.110 --> 00:23:18.650 I don't think the jury should have believed Mary. 334 00:23:19.530 --> 00:23:21.930 You know, you remember when she said such and such? 335 00:23:23.070 --> 00:23:24.270 Then it has meant something. 336 00:23:25.050 --> 00:23:29.730 Also, when they go from this kind of experience into a courtroom, 337 00:23:30.410 --> 00:23:33.750 they can quickly move into what is happening 338 00:23:33.750 --> 00:23:37.890 without sitting and wonder about this mystery before. 339 00:23:38.450 --> 00:23:41.070 And that the defendant was at fault. 340 00:23:41.610 --> 00:23:46.730 I'm not sure if we actually proved that the plaintiff actually was at fault or not, 341 00:23:46.750 --> 00:23:48.610 but I guess that's what the jury found. 342 00:23:49.270 --> 00:23:51.710 See, these are questions that the jury has to decide. 343 00:23:52.070 --> 00:23:54.770 They have to determine who's telling the truth and who to believe. 344 00:23:55.270 --> 00:23:57.250 Is there another question? Yes. 345 00:23:58.110 --> 00:24:01.290 Under what condition can a court decision be appealed to a higher court? 346 00:24:01.290 --> 00:24:08.510 I spent about a year in law school trying to start on learning the answer to that question. 347 00:24:08.550 --> 00:24:12.610 Through direct contact, students learn about the justice system, 348 00:24:13.230 --> 00:24:16.790 and the adults learn about students and their problems. 349 00:24:17.610 --> 00:24:22.370 Together, they can learn respect and tolerance for diversity. 350 00:24:24.490 --> 00:24:27.870 Every community has its own unique needs and interests. 351 00:24:27.870 --> 00:24:30.490 Their programs are and should be different. 352 00:24:31.490 --> 00:24:33.030 But they have this in common. 353 00:24:34.110 --> 00:24:40.810 The more people involved, lawyers, policemen, prosecutors, judges, parents, 354 00:24:41.630 --> 00:24:44.990 the more enduring and vital the program. 355 00:24:47.250 --> 00:24:48.870 Dark brown. Dark brown? 356 00:24:49.490 --> 00:24:51.770 Alright. What are we going to use this description for? 357 00:24:52.450 --> 00:24:54.330 We're going to use it to report to the police, right? 358 00:24:54.330 --> 00:24:58.450 If the tunnel moves in and the place is already wrecked up, 359 00:24:58.530 --> 00:25:00.430 and when he moves out, it's still wrecked up. 360 00:25:00.470 --> 00:25:01.530 He shouldn't have moved in anymore. 361 00:25:01.530 --> 00:25:04.950 It's not the tunnel's responsibility. It's the landlord's responsibility. 362 00:25:05.430 --> 00:25:07.690 But look, it's wrecked up. 363 00:25:07.850 --> 00:25:10.570 The landlord's got to clean it up before the tunnel gives him some money. 364 00:25:11.270 --> 00:25:15.050 We have an attorney from our community. 365 00:25:15.890 --> 00:25:20.810 And what I would like to do this morning is take up two or three legal cases 366 00:25:20.810 --> 00:25:24.950 that involve advertising and the concept of false advertising. 367 00:25:25.310 --> 00:25:31.750 The American Bar Association wants to help ensure that law studies are taught in all of America's schools. 368 00:25:32.730 --> 00:25:36.390 Joel Henning, director of the ABA's Youth Education Project. 369 00:25:36.670 --> 00:25:41.070 Lawyers can do a lot. They can convince others of the need for law-related education. 370 00:25:41.390 --> 00:25:43.670 They can help organize projects. 371 00:25:44.270 --> 00:25:49.750 Most important, lawyers and law students can volunteer to participate in teacher training programs. 372 00:25:49.750 --> 00:25:54.090 This is the only way lawyers can have a large-scale impact on the student. 373 00:25:55.110 --> 00:25:58.130 There are not enough lawyers ever to reach the nation's classrooms. 374 00:25:58.850 --> 00:26:02.010 And the teacher is the most critical link in the educational chain. 375 00:26:03.010 --> 00:26:08.170 The American Bar Association's Special Committee on Youth Education for Citizenship has this goal, 376 00:26:08.650 --> 00:26:14.590 to see that students in elementary and secondary schools get a thorough education in law-related studies, 377 00:26:14.750 --> 00:26:16.950 at least as thorough as they get in mathematics. 378 00:26:17.570 --> 00:26:22.170 We support the work of others, educators, state and local bar associations, 379 00:26:22.470 --> 00:26:26.090 and agencies of our legal system in developing programs and materials. 380 00:26:26.590 --> 00:26:27.890 We play a service role. 381 00:26:28.050 --> 00:26:34.470 We want to help lawyers and educators set up programs that meet the concerns, the needs, the interests of their own community. 382 00:26:35.170 --> 00:26:40.990 We publish a directory of law-related educational activities so people can discover what is already going on 383 00:26:40.990 --> 00:26:45.010 and can benefit from the successes and failures of their colleagues in other communities. 384 00:26:45.010 --> 00:26:52.630 We publish a bibliography of law-related curriculum materials to help teachers and lawyers find books that are useful in classroom activities. 385 00:26:53.390 --> 00:26:58.930 We also publish a series of practical guides on how to establish and support these projects. 386 00:26:59.910 --> 00:27:05.330 We hold regional conferences and small workshops around the country to bring educators, lawyers, 387 00:27:05.750 --> 00:27:09.930 government agencies, and other community groups together and help them get started. 388 00:27:09.930 --> 00:27:18.610 Law-related education seems to work best when the state or local bar and other organizations work hand-in-hand with the school. 389 00:27:19.530 --> 00:27:25.930 Several excellent projects around the country are developing curriculum materials and sponsoring teacher training institutes. 390 00:27:26.830 --> 00:27:32.910 We work closely with them and refer interested people to those best suited to their needs. 391 00:27:33.970 --> 00:27:36.950 All of our materials and services are available for the asking. 392 00:27:37.950 --> 00:27:46.470 If the organized bar and educators work together, we think this is one educational reform movement that not only can, but will succeed. 393 00:27:47.130 --> 00:27:51.570 It's not just a dream. We have seen it work in classrooms throughout the country. 394 00:27:51.890 --> 00:28:03.110 One of the most beautiful things that I've seen is when I went into one school and the youngsters there were, I was told, were disadvantaged, 395 00:28:03.110 --> 00:28:07.910 they were low on the scale in reading, and that they didn't have much of a future. 396 00:28:09.190 --> 00:28:19.730 Well, after about three or four classes with these youngsters, it was my pleasure to see a youngster come up to me and say, 397 00:28:19.950 --> 00:28:26.930 I can think! I can think! Did you? I can see it! Did you hear what I said? You know, I can think! 398 00:28:27.010 --> 00:28:32.530 That's what he was so startled by. But he had started something which is significant in learning. 399 00:28:32.530 --> 00:28:38.010 Is when you know what you're ignorant about and you start to speculate about it, you're beginning to learn. 400 00:28:38.050 --> 00:28:45.530 And what he would do, as all the youngsters would do, and I call it what if, the child was able to say, but what if... 401 00:29:06.330 --> 00:29:07.730 .