WEBVTT

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What is that?

2
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I think that's coyotes.

3
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Mistake was made years ago.

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They put a bounty on those because they killed the doer or because they killed the message

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of the animals.

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The staple of the wolves diet are the small animals.

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And when the wolf wasn't there to eat these small animals, these animals ate more of the

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lower growing vegetation, which is also the deer's diet.

9
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And pretty soon you found deer standing on their hind legs, which you could see by the

10
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tracks in the snow, to reach the upper branches of trees.

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The deer starve to death.

12
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Also when they get up on their hind legs, they're in a very precarious position.

13
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A lot of deer poke their legs doing that.

14
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I don't know that they really die of old age.

15
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I don't think any animal wild dies of old age.

16
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They get to the point where they can't catch food or escape being food.

17
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Well, in here we're in a private game preserve, strictly private enterprise.

18
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And we've maintained in a limited area a limited number of animals.

19
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In order to properly maintain those animals, you've got to have a certain balance in all

20
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the herds.

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You can't shoot too many of them out.

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Ideally you don't shoot out all the breeding bulls.

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You don't shoot out all of the fertile cows or does.

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But there's an excess number of bulls that have to take out.

25
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One elk bull breeds with 25 or 30 cows.

26
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White-tailed buck breeds with a large number of does.

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The others don't breed.

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So we can take out a fair number of bulls.

29
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If they're not here to eat, there's more food for everyone.

30
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OK, Reg.

31
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Let's stoke up a couple of these front loaders.

32
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Have a little fun with them.

33
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Why don't you put these on?

34
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Once in a while, get a little fire, a little spark traveling around.

35
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Safety precaution?

36
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A little safety precaution.

37
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Why don't you stoke yours up?

38
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OK.

39
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And we'll get ready to do some shooting.

40
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The hunting I most prefer is a walking,

41
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hunting, moving around quietly, standing, listening, looking.

42
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That's a good load.

43
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Or a squirrel sounds like a bear coming through the leaves.

44
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I've sat out here in a log and I've

45
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listened to the wing feathers on a raven.

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Whirr and ruffle as he made corrections.

47
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That's part of what it's all about.

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If you know the Schomburg area, there's a forest preserve there.

49
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I drive through it and one day I saw a red fox.

50
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Where do you get to see a red fox today?

51
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Heavy, isn't it?

52
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Mm-hmm.

53
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I still hear the call of the pheasant,

54
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like 6 o'clock in the morning, and you hear them.

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And it's beautiful.

56
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You're clumsy, aren't you?

57
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When you're working with muzzle-loading guns,

58
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it takes quite a while to stoke them up.

59
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You're trying to pick your shots.

60
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You can do that just so many times in an hour of hunting.

61
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That could affect the time, about the time of the American

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Revolution, the colonel in the colonial army

63
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wrote out the orders for the training of recruits

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and read that no recruit shall be dismissed from the drill

65
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until he can load and fire his firelock 15 times

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in three minutes and three quarters.

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That's roughly 13 seconds to load a gun.

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You put a charge of powder and a ball down the bore,

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ram it home, open the pan, put powder in the pan,

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close the pan, bring the weapon up, cock it,

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fire it, and that's fast.

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What's the loading time average now?

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This?

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75
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Not 15 seconds.

76
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Not 13 or 15 seconds for me.

77
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No way.

78
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Half cock.

79
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Yeah, it's a long way back to half cock.

80
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We almost went off half cocks.

81
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Mm-hmm.

82
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Okay.

83
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Beautiful.

84
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Why don't you stoke up the other bore on this one?

85
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I'll take this one, get over and join Bob the speed range.

86
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Soon as you're loaded, come on over and we'll start shooting.

87
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Okay.

88
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Pull it.

89
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And you must give yourself a little bit more leeway

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in the fact that the muzzle loader goes off slower.

91
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It doesn't travel with the velocity that the other breech loader does.

92
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Pull it.

93
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Pull.

94
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We had a misfire.

95
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Reg, on occasion you're going to have a misfire like that.

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97
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We'll try the other barrel and see if this one works.

98
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Pull.

99
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As you can see.

100
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Pull.

101
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Wow.

102
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Super.

103
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Good boy.

104
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Good boy.

105
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Get the bird.

106
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Come on, Spike.

107
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Work them up.

108
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Come on, Spike.

109
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Come here.

110
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Come on, Spike.

111
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Come on, my boy.

112
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Spike, come.

113
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Come on.

114
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Come on, Spike.

115
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Work them up.

116
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Work them up, boy.

117
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Mm-hmm.

118
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Got a whip.

119
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Uh-huh.

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Come.

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Good boy.

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Little birdie.

129
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Whoa, whoa, whoa.

130
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Whoa, whoa.

131
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No bird.

132
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No bird.

133
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Come on, Spike.

134
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No bird.

135
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Come on, Spike.

136
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Come on.

137
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We'll get lots of powder and shot.

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Come on.

139
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Good boy.

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Awful quiet over there.

141
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Everybody got their malls up in the air as they went in.

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Birds are real nervous this morning.

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Come on, Spike.

144
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Oh.

145
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Oh.

146
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That was a good flyer.

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That last one.

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He did a nice long lead.

149
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Very mature.

150
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Let me see if I can.

151
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Wait a minute.

152
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You know what I just hit.

153
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Oh, look what he's got.

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My fishing pliers.

155
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Now.

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Turn me.

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That's your turning and pulling at the same time.

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Let's turn it.

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Now, you're coming up.

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There we go.

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Spike, come on, Spike.

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Come on, Spike.

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Come on, Spike.

164
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Everybody does this every day.

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He'll get himself in shape.

166
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Oh, yeah.

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Fun gun, isn't it?

168
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Come on, Spike.

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Good boy.

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Good.

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Good boy.

173
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Yeah.

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Now, they were back here.

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By the fence.

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By the fence.

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By the fence.

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Yeah.

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Come on, boy.

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Come on, Spike.

182
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Oh.

183
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That's a bird.

184
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Where are they, Jack?

185
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Dead bird.

186
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Bring them in.

187
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Good bird.

188
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Good boy.

189
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One thing about those birds, they don't stand still.

190
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191
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That's an unrunning bird.

192
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Is that a game warden?

193
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No.

194
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195
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Bring it.

196
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Oh.

197
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198
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Get the bird.

199
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Runners.

200
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Down.

201
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Well, we're working with shotguns up here.

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A shotgun is essentially a piece of smooth pipe

203
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with a charge of shot

204
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and a charge of powder to blow the shot out in between the shot

205
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and the powder we need a wad of some kind to form a seal to the barrel.

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Powder to blow the shot forward.

207
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The first gun was undoubtedly a shotgun, a smoothbore.

208
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Just a length of pipe plugged at one end.

209
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They would pour a charge of powder down the barrel

210
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and then some form of projectile, either a single or something,

211
00:11:20.060 --> 00:11:23.600
to blow a lot of little projectiles out, like a handful of gravel

212
00:11:23.600 --> 00:11:28.140
and a handful of rusty nails the boys were using at Breed's Hill against the British.

213
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Warm water.

214
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The early guns, first guns, usually referred to as matchlocks.

215
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Match being a slow burning wick or fuse.

216
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This was put in a little arm atop.

217
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The gun about where a hammer would be on a gun today.

218
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And it held that fuse, that match, slow match,

219
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which had to be kept burning if you were anticipating a need to use the gun.

220
00:12:00.680 --> 00:12:05.320
And near that plugged end of the barrel was a hole drilled into the barrel

221
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so that when the match was brought down to that hole,

222
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the only fire in it would fire the powder, discharge the gun.

223
00:12:20.580 --> 00:12:22.040
Look at that from one barrel.

224
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That's making it a little tough to drive those rods down there.

225
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That's why you couldn't hit those birds today.

226
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There you go.

227
00:12:33.660 --> 00:12:37.480
This was replaced by the wheel lock.

228
00:12:38.860 --> 00:12:44.120
Pieces of iron pyrite mounted around the perimeter of the spring wound wheel.

229
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As the wheel spun against the steel, making a shower of sparks

230
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where the hole had been drilled into the barrel.

231
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Now on the side of the barrel by the powder,

232
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they put a little pan and they put a little powder in that pan.

233
00:13:00.480 --> 00:13:03.360
So the sparks would fall in the pan, flash the powder,

234
00:13:04.060 --> 00:13:07.120
fire would travel through the touch hole, discharge the gun.

235
00:13:13.900 --> 00:13:18.580
The flint lock has again a hammer on it, spring loaded,

236
00:13:19.500 --> 00:13:22.260
clamped in the jaws of the hammer, a piece of flint.

237
00:13:22.780 --> 00:13:26.360
The pan is still there from the wheel lock and the touch hole on the side.

238
00:13:26.360 --> 00:13:30.020
It has a little cover on it and rising from the cover,

239
00:13:30.940 --> 00:13:32.840
a piece we call the friezen, a piece of metal.

240
00:13:33.820 --> 00:13:38.780
And as the flint falls, it strikes the friezen, making sparks,

241
00:13:39.740 --> 00:13:42.480
and in so doing forces the cover of the pan open.

242
00:13:43.180 --> 00:13:46.880
The sparks flash the pan, fire travels through the touch hole,

243
00:13:47.260 --> 00:13:48.780
sets off the charge in the barrel.

244
00:13:49.160 --> 00:13:53.040
We hope the touch hole is a little blocked up with something

245
00:13:53.040 --> 00:13:57.340
and we get a misfire, generally referred to as a flash in the pan.

246
00:14:07.840 --> 00:14:12.100
That gun was around for probably 350 years, a very dependable gun.

247
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It's the gun of the American Revolution.

248
00:14:16.520 --> 00:14:20.340
They then devised methods to carry dried fulminative mercury.

249
00:14:21.340 --> 00:14:23.960
There was a gun with a roll of paper caps,

250
00:14:24.160 --> 00:14:28.320
and as you cock the hammer a new cap would come up right over the nipple

251
00:14:28.320 --> 00:14:29.900
going into the touch hole.

252
00:14:31.560 --> 00:14:34.000
Then they put it in the bottom of these little copper cups

253
00:14:34.000 --> 00:14:39.240
we call percussion caps, which are so easy to slip over the nipple on a cap lock and away we go.

254
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If you were out in the woods 100 years ago or 150 years ago, you'd plant it in a creek.

255
00:14:46.960 --> 00:14:51.080
Long before this, of course, they were wrapping powder and ball in paper

256
00:14:51.080 --> 00:14:57.780
and calling it a cartridge, making for much faster reloading than pouring from flasks and...

257
00:14:57.780 --> 00:14:58.520
which is that.

258
00:15:00.380 --> 00:15:04.180
By the time they got to putting powder and ball in a brass cylinder,

259
00:15:05.160 --> 00:15:09.320
it didn't take someone very long to figure out they could put that percussion cap

260
00:15:09.320 --> 00:15:12.180
or something similar to it in the back of that brass cylinder.

261
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And lo and behold, we have the modern ammunition.

262
00:15:17.240 --> 00:15:20.600
The priming cap is at the rear end of the cartridge.

263
00:15:22.200 --> 00:15:27.400
Powder in front of it, and in front of the powder the wad and shot are single projectiles, in case maybe.

264
00:15:28.520 --> 00:15:32.640
What we're doing is stepping back in time to where we stuff the parts down the front

265
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instead of carrying them around in a nice little package they call a shot shell.

266
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Spe Nikolaev

267
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Game really starts with nature's management.

268
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Before, let's say before man became an intelligent,

269
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highly skilled hunting animal,

270
00:16:21.940 --> 00:16:24.740
there were game animals or prey animals

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and predators to take them.

272
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A man that's eliminated,

273
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let's say almost eliminated the timber wolf.

274
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Bobcat numbers are highly reduced.

275
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We don't have as many natural predators.

276
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On the other hand, the white-tailed deer,

277
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which is native to how many states in the United States,

278
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the whole eastern half of the United States,

279
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up into Canada,

280
00:16:49.660 --> 00:16:51.400
is present in larger numbers

281
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than many Indians have in this country.

282
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Oh sure.

283
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White-tailed deer are so numerous.

284
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White-tailed deer were hunted down.

285
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And other game species have been hunted

286
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or have through other means come close to being lost to us.

287
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Illinois closed deer hunting

288
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back in the early 20s if I remember correctly.

289
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A few years ago,

290
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perhaps 12, 14 years ago,

291
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Illinois opened up deer hunting again.

292
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We're loaded with deer in Illinois.

293
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I think it's a very workable system.

294
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Deer management is a long practice in the deer hunting states.

295
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I think there's deer hunting in 48 or 49 of the 50 states, by the way.

296
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And I think you can give the hunters credit

297
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for the fact that the non-hunters can see deer.

298
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We can all see deer out there.

299
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Because of land management, bird management.

300
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The deer wouldn't be here if it weren't for the hunters.

301
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The ring-necked pheasant wouldn't be in this nation at all

302
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if it weren't for the hunters.

303
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It's not a native bird.

304
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It's an import, along with the Hungarian partridge,

305
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the chuckler partridge.

306
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They're only brought here because hunters found them in other places.

307
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The money spent by hunters as a tax on arms and ammunition

308
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for hunting licenses for the federal duck stamp

309
00:18:25.860 --> 00:18:30.000
and donated to Ducks Unlimited and other organizations of that type

310
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often goes into buying up areas or waterfowl where hunters cannot shoot.

311
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The ducks are protected.

312
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All right.

313
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Canada has cooperated, which is very important

314
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because so many of the species we shoot at,

315
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particularly the geese, nest in Canada.

316
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That money has been spent on buying up marshlands.

317
00:19:11.220 --> 00:19:12.680
It doesn't go into a general fund.

318
00:19:13.220 --> 00:19:16.600
Those monies do not go into general funds, they go into conservation work.

319
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Some things seem to work pretty well.

320
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How efficient it is, I don't know, but it does seem to work.

321
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All those ducks are out there. We've got mallards living in Illinois.

322
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All over the Forest Preserve, around Chicago and Illinois, now mallards are living.

323
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They weren't there when I was a kid.